从东佳书堂到敷阳书院:中国古代书院发展的一个历史缩影  

From Dongjia Academy to Fuyang Academy:A Historical Miniature in the Development of China Ancient Academies

作　　者：张劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌师范学院书院研究中心,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《南昌师范学院学报》2016年第2期127-130,共4页Journal of Nanchang Normal University

基　　金：江西省社会科学规划项目"江西书院旅游资源开发研究";编号:14GL13;国家社科基金重大招标项目"中国书院文献整理与研究";编号:15ZDB036

摘　　要：创建于中唐时期的陈氏东佳书堂是目前所知史料最为确切,具有教学功能的唐代书院,是我国古代书院早期形态的代表。北宋初期,东佳书堂成为鼎峙江东的三大家族书院之一,为家族及地方培养出大批优秀人才。北宋淳祐年间因家族分异,东佳书堂迁往县治,更名为义门书院,明代易名为河东书院,清道光年间再更名为敷阳书院,成为一所典型的县邑书院。从唐代的东佳书堂到晚清的敷阳书院,千年历史进程反映中国古代书院发展的大趋势:书院民间性向官方严格控制的不断让渡,贯穿始终的是科举取士制度的影响,学田稳定与否决定书院的兴衰起伏等,这一趋势是书院发展的内在理路。Chen＇s Dongjia Academy,established in the time of Mad- tang,is the one in Tang Dynasty with the most precise historical materials known so far and teaching functions as well,a representitive of China ancient academies with the early forms. In the early times of North Song,the acadevmy became one of the 3 grand academies taking on triangular balance in Jiangxi,cultivating a large number of excellent talents. Owing to the differentiation of the family during the years of Chun- you in North Song,the Academy was Changed to be governed by the county,renamed Yi- men Academy,Hedong Academy in Ming Dynasty,and Fuyang Academy in the years of Daoguan in Qing Dynasty,becoming a typical county academy. The history of Dongjia Acadmy to Fuyang Academy reflects the deveveloping trend of China＇s ancient academies： the constant transition of the non- government of academies to the one strictly controlled over by the authority was impacted by the imperial examination system. The stability of the academy field decided the rise and fall of academies,which is the intrinsic road for the development of academies.

关 键 词：东佳书堂 敷阳书院 书院 内在理路 

分 类 号：G649.299[文化科学—高等教育学] G256[文化科学—教育学]