杭州小学高年级和中学生家长对学校性教育的需求分析  

Needs analysis regarding sex education in schools among parents of senior grades in primary schools and middle schools

作　　者：纪红蕾[1] 武俊青[1,2] 赵瑞[1] 李玉艳[1] 李亦然[1] 周颖[1] 仉琪 于传宁[1,3] 杨宏琳 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科学研究所,200237 [2]国家卫生和计划生育委员会计划生育药具重点实验室 [3]复旦大学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第4期519-522,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：杭州市萧山区计生局项目(YZ14-12-1)

摘　　要：目的了解学生家长对学校开展性与生殖健康教育的态度及期望的内容和形式,并探讨其影响因素,为学校适时适度地开展青春期性教育提供依据。方法 2014年6—9月,选取杭州市某区的小学、初中和高中各2所,在小学四年级和五年级、初中一年级和二年级分别抽取1个班级,高中一年级抽取2个班级,纳入抽取班级所有学生的家长,进行自填式的问卷调查。结果共回收有效问卷517份。仅36.45%的家长主动对孩子进行过性与生殖健康相关的教育。81.39%的家长认为学校有必要开展性与生殖健康教育。家长希望学校开展的性教育内容以"青春期保健知识"(83.04%)、"健康性心理"(69.35%)和"异性正常交往"(67.61%)为主。在形式上,以"听讲座"(72.87%)、"教材讲解"(61.59%)和"电视录像"(44.64%)为主。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度高、主动对孩子做过性教育和认为家长应承担性教育主要责任的调查对象更希望学校开展性教育。结论大部分家长支持学校开展多种多样的性与生殖健康教育。学校应摈弃顾虑,继续深入、系统地完善学校性教育体系。Objective To understand the attitudes of parents towards schools implementing sexual and reproductive health education, their expected contents and forms of the courses, to explore the factors of parents＇ attitude, and to provide evidence and recommendations for improving the sex education in schools. Methods During June to September in 2014, two elementary schools, two middle schools and two high schools were selected in a district of Hangzhou. One class was extracted from fourth and fifth grades in each elementary school and first and second grade in each middle school. Two classes were extracted from first grade in each high school. All parents of students in selected classes were included in the study and self-administered questionnaires were done among them. Results A total of 517 valid questionnaires were collected. Only 36. 45% of the parents took the initiative to teach their children sexual and reproductive health-related knowledge. About 81. 39% of the parents thought it was necessary for schools to carry out sexual and reproductive health education. The contents of the sex education in schools expected by the parents were mainly ＂adolescent health knowledge＂（ 83. 04%）, ＂ psychological health＂（ 69. 35%） and ＂ normal heterosexual relationship＂（ 67.61%）. Comparatively, the parents mainly hoped schools interpreted sexual knowledge through ＂ lectures＂（ 72. 87%）, ＂ textbooks＂（ 61.59%） and ＂videos＂（ 44.64%）. Multivariate analysis showed that parents, who had higher levels of education, took more initiative to do sex education and thought parents should bear the primary responsibility of sex education to children wanted schools to carry out sex education. Conclusion Most parents support the schools to implement a wide range of sexual and reproductive health education. Schools should abandon concerns and continue to improve the in-depth and systematic sex education system.

关 键 词：性教育 法定监护人 卫生服务需求 健康教育 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R167[文化科学—教育技术学]