国外艺术人类学研究中的若干基本问题  

A Few Fundunmental Issues on Artistic Anthropology Research Abroad

作　　者：李修建[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院艺术人类学研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《艺术探索》2016年第2期63-72,共10页Arts Exploration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"审美人类学的学理基础与发展趋势研究"(12CZW019)

摘　　要：艺术人类学作为一个新兴而受到关注的研究领域,亟需在学科建设上有深入推进,为此,有必要对国外艺术人类学的基础理论进行探析。概而言之,其涉及如下主题:一是研究对象的命名,研究者大都认识到了"原始艺术"一词的局限性,而用"民族艺术""第四世界的艺术"等概念代之;二是对艺术的定义,人类学家或继承传统美学的艺术观,或从艺术在社会结构中的地位和功能,以及艺术的社会运作过程的角度进行理解,或将艺术视为一个跨文化范畴,体现出了多元性;三是对艺术人类学的研究历史的梳理,雷蒙德·弗思和霍华德·墨菲对此进行了较为深入的勾勒;四是对艺术人类学的理论与方法的探讨,范丹姆梳理了西方艺术人类学史上的三个基本范式,西尔弗的《民族艺术》对于西方人类学各经典学派的艺术研究取向进行了简劲的梳理;五是英国人类学家盖尔提出的艺术能动性的解析;六是对艺术品的涵化的研究,以纳尔逊·格雷本的研究最多。此外,还涉及艺术与政治、艺术与民族或国家身份认同的问题,以及历史视野中的收藏和表征策略,全球艺术市场等。As a promisingly new research field, aristic anthropology urgently needs to be developed. To this end, it is necessary to explore the fundamental theory of this field against an international backdrop. In short, they involve the topics as follows. The first is the denomination of research object. Most scholars have realized the limitation of ＇ primitive art＇, they replaced it with ＇ethnoart＇, ＇the fourth world art＇etc. The second is the defination of art. Anthropologists inherited the tradtional concepts of art, or analyzed the role and function of art in the society, or took art as a cross-cultural concept. The third is researching the history of artistic anthropology. The Fourth is analysis of the theory and methods in the field.In this regard,Dutch anthropoligist Rob Van Dam specified three basic paradigms in artistic anthropology research in the western world. Sylph made classification on the approaches to artisitic research in Ethnic Arts.The fifth is the concept of art research initiative put forward by Alfred Gell. The sixth is focus on the acculturation of art. Besides, art and polictics, art and the identity of nations, collection and representation strategy in the history, and global art market are also covered.

关 键 词：艺术人类学 语境 范式 能动性 涵化 

分 类 号：J0-05[艺术—艺术理论]