适配体在食源性致病菌检测中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Aptamers in the Detection of Food-borne Pathogenic Bacteria

作　　者：解沛燕 朱龙佼 许文涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院食品安全检测与风险评估实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2016年第4期48-62,共15页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划;2012AA101606);北京市科技新星计划(XX2014B069)

摘　　要：适配体建立在仿生学基础上,是在体外从单链核酸随机序列库中筛选出的对某种靶物质具有高亲和度的寡聚核苷酸(DNA或RNA)片段。相较于食源性致病菌的常规检测手段,适配体具备特异性强、稳定性好及易于修饰等优点,因此在该领域得到了关注和应用。但前人对适配体与靶物质结合的原理认识尚不够深入,对食源性致病菌的适配体筛选及应用总结还存在许多不足。结合食源性致病菌的自身结构特点,介绍了该类物质的适配体筛选特点和检测领域中的最新研究进展,提出了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。Aptamers are artificial DNA/RNA oligonucleotides binding target ligands with high affinities,and they are selected from the libraries of single-strand nucleic acid random sequence in vitro by SELEX. Compared with the traditional methods,application of aptamers has the obvious advantages of high specificity,chemical stability and simplicity of modification in the detection of food-borne pathogenic bacteria,thus it draws attentions and applications in this field. However,the combination principle of aptamers to the target has not been understood clearly yet,and summaries on the selection of aptamers against food-borne pathogenic bacteria and its application are still deficient. Combined with the characteristics of food-borne pathogenic bacteria,this article describes the selection characteristics of aptamers against them,and the latest progress in the detection field. Finally,the existing problems and development trend are proposed.

关 键 词：适配体 食源性致病菌 传感器 检测 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]