淀粉对无芒雀麦修复煤矿区多环芳烃长期污染土壤的影响  

Effect of Starch on the Awnless Brome Remediation of Long-term Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)Polluted Soils in Coal Mining Areas

作　　者：石维[1] 张雪娜[1] 贾海滨[1] 赵欧亚 王伟[1] 冯圣东[1] 杨志新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第2期289-293,300,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"863"专项(2012AA101403-3);河北省教育厅项目(Z2013058)

摘　　要：采用温室盆栽试验,以无芒雀麦(W)为修复植物,研究淀粉(D)不同剂量与无芒雀麦组合对煤矿区多环芳烃(PAHs)长期污染农田土壤修复的影响。结果表明,在土壤中添加淀粉剂量D1、D2培养3个月后,显著促进了土著微生物对煤矿区长期污染农田土壤PAHs的降解。D1、D2处理土壤中16种PAHs总量降解率(16.82%,19.06%)分别比对照CK(11.12%)提高了51.26%和71.40%,尤其对6环PAHs的降解增效最为突出。D2处理对6环PAHs的降解达最高,为37.05%,比CK处理提高了241.01%,且为D1处理的1.77倍。在污染土壤中添加淀粉并种植无芒雀麦(D1+W,D2+W)后,与对照CK、淀粉(D)和种植无芒雀麦单一处理(W)相比,土壤中16种PAHs总量降解率有了明显增加,D1+W与D2+W处理下16种PAHs降解率分别为26.26%和28.39%;在PAHs不同环数中对5,6环PAHs的修复效果提升最为明显,对其它环数PAHs降解效果提升不显著,其中5环和6环PAHs降解率在D2+W组合处理下达到最高,为48.63%和58.32%,比CK处理提高了110.36%和436.82%,比无芒雀麦单一处理提高了27.50%和47.77%。从土壤酶活性角度,淀粉、无芒雀麦单一处理及其组合下的土壤过氧化氢酶活性差异不明显,但均显著高于对照CK处理;无芒雀麦对多酚氧化酶活性有明显的激活作用,且与淀粉组合进一步显著提升了该酶的活性,与D1+W与D2+W组合下的5,6环PAHs降解率达最高相一致。综上,利用淀粉与无芒雀麦的优化组合形式能明显提升煤矿区5,6环PAHs长期污染农田土壤的修复效果,可以作为该区污染土壤修复治理的一种选择。A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different dose of starch on the awnless brome remediation of long-term polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）polluted soils in coal mining areas.The results indicated that the addition of different starch concentrations（D1and D2）significantly improved the indigenous microorganisms for degradation of PAHs in farmland soil of coal mining area after the cultivation of 3months.The total 16 PAHs dissipation in the treatments of D1 and D2（16.82%and 19.06%）increased by 51.26% and 71.40%,respectively,compared with CK（11.12%）,especially the efficiency of 6-ring PAHs degradation.The 6-ring PAHs in the treatment D2 reached the highest removal rate of 37.05%,and was 241.01% higher than that of CK treatment,and 1.77 times as many as that of D1 treatment.Compared with CK,D and W,the combination starch and awnless brome treatments（D1＋W and D2＋W）increased the removal rates of the total PAHs significantly,which were 26.26% and 28.39%,respectively;in different rings of PAHs,the degradation effects of 5-ring and 6-ring PAHs were improved significantly,but the degradation effect of other ring PAHs was not raised obviously.The degradation rates of 5-ring and 6-ringPAHs were the highest in the D2＋W combination treatment,reaching 48.63% and 58.32%,respectively,which were 110.36%and 436.82% higher than those in CK treatment,and 27.50%and 47.77% higher than those in W treatment.In addition,there were no significant differences of soil catalase activity among D,W and D＋W treatments,but which were significantly higher than those in CK treatment.Awnless brome enhanced the activity of polyphenol oxidase,and the combination of awnless brome and starch further significantly increased the activity of the enzyme,which was consistent with the highest 5-ring and 6-ring PAHs degradation rates in the treatments of D1＋W and D2＋ W.In conclusion,the optimization combination of starch and awnless brome can significantly improve the remediation effect of long-te

关 键 词：多环芳烃 煤矿区土壤 无芒雀麦 淀粉 酶活性 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53