遵义市汇川区特殊教育学校聋哑学生致聋原因调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of surdimutism students in special education schools in Huichuan District of Zunyi

作　　者：黄晗[1] 李小英[1] 陈鹏[1] 李强[1] 王世飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,贵州遵义563099

出　　处：《遵义医学院学报》2016年第2期208-210,共3页Journal of Zunyi Medical University

基　　金：贵州省科技厅联合基金资助项目(NO:黔科合LH字[2015]7497)

摘　　要：目的通过对遵义市汇川区特殊教育学校聋哑学生调查,了解常见致聋原因,筛选遗传性耳聋家系,为深入研究本地区遗传性耳聋家系奠定基础。方法采用听力障碍调查量表,对遵义市汇川区特殊教育学校192位聋哑学生进行详细的病史询问、家系调查、体格检查及听力学检查。结果药物性聋55例(氨基糖苷类药物用药史38例),先天性外中耳畸形1例,中耳炎45例、结核12例、脑膜炎8例、麻疹3例,纯音测听结果:中重度3例,重度77例,极重度112例;耳声发射检查未通过的20例。佩戴助听器13例。发现可疑遗传性耳聋家系15个。结论特殊教育学校学生耳聋多为后天性耳聋,使用氨基糖苷类药物致聋为该校最常见致聋原因,其次为中耳炎、结核、脑膜炎、近亲婚配等,通过该调查,为今后我们深入开展本地区防聋治聋工作提供参考。Objective To understand the common cause of deafness,screen hereditary deafness family and lay the foundation for further research on hereditary deafness family in Huichuan District of Zunyi through the survey of deaf students in the special education school in this area. Methods A detailed medical history,pedigree survey,physical examination and audiology detection of 192 deaf students in the special education school in Huichuan District of Zunyi city were inquired via The hearing impairment survey scale. Results Fifty- five cases of deafness after drug use（ 38 cases with aminoglycoside drug medication history）,1 case of combination of congenital external middle ear deformity,45 cases of history of otitis media,12 cases of TB,8 cases of meningitis and 3 cases of measles were shown. The results of Pure tone audiometry were： 3 moderately severe cases,77 severe cases,112 extremely severe cases. These students were tested with DPOAE. Twenty cases failed in DPOAE. Thirty cases wore a hearing aid. Fifteen cases with hereditary deafness family were discovered.Conclusion Most of special education school students are the acquired deafness. Aminoglycoside drugs,tympanitis,pulmonary tuberculosis,meningitis and consanguineous marriage are the most common cause of deafness.Through the survey,the reference is provided for the future prevention and treatment of deafness in Huichuan District of Zunyi city.

关 键 词：聋哑 特殊教育 遗传性聋 调查 

分 类 号：R764.44[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]