航空运输物资空投过程动力学模型  

Dynamics model of airdrop process for air transportation cargo

作　　者：孙秀霞[1] 徐光智[1,2] 刘日[1] 董文瀚[1] 戚鹏春 

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学航空航天工程学院 [2]中国人民解放军94106部队

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2016年第2期125-131,共7页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61273141);航空科学基金资助项目(20141396012)

摘　　要：针对当前航空物资空投过程的运输机动力学建模条件过于简化、严重脱离空投过程实际的现状,研究了现有空投过程动力学模型的适用性,确立了分离体建模的方法。在无需分析货物与飞机整体的质心变化的情况下,分别以空投物资与飞机为对象进行受力分析,简化了建模过程且有利于定性分析货物对飞机的作用过程。为验证动力学模型的合理性,使用某型运输机数据进行了仿真试验。为验证空投过程中气动参数小扰动线性化的不合理性,通过3种模式对气动参数进行处理,对比分析了迎角响应曲线。对不同支持力、牵引力作用点、导轨模型、牵引力夹角模型、货物装载位置等条件下的空投过程运动学模型进行了量化分析,并与现有模型进行对比。仿真结果表明:气动参数小扰动线性化、视货物为运动规律已知的质点以及忽略舱内地板角等苛刻假设条件将导致较大的模型误差;在进行大牵引比、大质量货物空投时,应综合考虑牵引力数值与方向对空投动态响应的影响,并尽量将货物安装在飞机舱门附近,以缩短货物在舱内的运动时间,降低干扰力矩幅值。In view of the status that the modeling condition of transport aircraft dynamic model in airdrop process for air transportation cargo was too much simplified, which was far away from the real airdrop project, the current airdrop process dynamic models and their applicabilities were systematic researched, and a separated-body modeling method was established. The forces of airdrop cargoes and aircraft were respectively analyzed without attention on the centroid of cargoes and aircraft, which simplified the modeling process and benefited the qualitative analysis of mechanism of the cargoes to the aircraft. In simulation experiment, the reasonability of dynamic model was verified by using the data of a certain-type transport aircraft. In order to verify the irrationality of small disturbance linearization of aerodynamic parameters, the aerodynamic parameters were processed through 3 modes, the corresponding curves of AOA were comparative analyzed. Under the conditions of different support forces, the application points of traction force, guide models, traction force angle models, and the loading positions of cargo, the built dynamic model of airdrop process was quantitative analyzed and compared with existed models. Simulation result shows that with the assumed conditions including the small disturbance linearization of aerodynamic parameters, assuming the cargoes with known motion law as particles, and ignoring the cabin angle, large model errors are introduced. In the missions of big traction ratio and heavy weight airdrop, the influence of the value and direction of traction force on the airdrop dynamic response should be considered. Furthermore, it is significant to install the cargoes near the cabin door of aircraft, which can shorten the moving time of cargoes and reduce the amplitude of interference torque. 9 figs, 24 refs.

关 键 词：运输机 航空运输物资 空投 动力学特性 分离体建模 动态响应 牵引伞 刚体 模型误差 

分 类 号：V217[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]