汉语名词可数性再议  

A Reanalysis of the Countability of Chinese Nouns

作　　者：郑伟娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]五邑大学文学院,广东江门529020

出　　处：《语言科学》2016年第2期124-139,共16页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD740008);五邑大学博士科研启动项目(2015BS05)资助

摘　　要：学界对汉语光杆名词在可数性上有所争论,而论战双方的观点也都有一定的不足之处。文章持汉语名词有可数/物质之分的观点。这主要是因为Chierchia(1998)对可数性的认识是建立在数的体现方式的基础上的,该设定下的可数性无法解释某些语言现象。通过对三种论元性名词语言的考察,可以看到基于语义是否离散基础上的可数性分析能解释更多的语言现象。汉语名词在语义和语法上都有可数/物质之分。其中,语义是划分依据,语法上的特点是划分标准。这些划分标准包括:是否能与个体量词结合,是否能与"一(yī)"组合,是否能与可数性形容词组合,是否能与某些集合量词组合,是否能与"们"组合等。There has been a debate between two schools on the countability of Chinese bare nouns,with both sides having some shortcomings.We argue for the count/mass approach,since the research of Chierchia（1 998）is based on number which is unable to account for some linguistic phenom-ena.On the contrary,countability based on atomicity and discreteness can explain almost all kinds of linguistic data through the examination of three N〈e〉 languages.We hold that Chinese bare nouns can be divided into count nouns and mass nouns both semantically and syntactically.The basis of the division is the meanings of the nouns,and the criteria are their syntactic behaviors,including the abil-ities of combining with an individual classifier,the number yī＇one＇,countable adjectives,certain col-lective classifiers,the plural marker men,etc.

关 键 词：可数性 可数名词 物质名词 论元性名词语言 划分标准 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]