论列维纳斯对传统本体论的颠覆  

On Levinas' Sublation of Traditional Ontology

作　　者：彭锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院哲学系,北京102488

出　　处：《沈阳工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期192-197,共6页Journal of Shenyang Institute of Engineering:Social Science

摘　　要：列维纳斯在为法国哲学界带来胡塞尔和海德格尔现象学-存在哲学的同时,也对西方哲学传统本体论进行了批判和颠覆,提出了一种他者具有绝对先在性的伦理形而上学。本文从历史事实和哲学理路两个角度对列维纳斯的这种颠覆进行了介绍和分析。历史角度上,列维纳斯背离胡塞尔和海德格尔既是自己对于人的历史、社会处境的关注,也是对二战纳粹诸种暴行的思想根源的哲学反思。哲学理路上,列维纳斯主要是对西方同一性和总体性思想的批判,继而试图引出不可还原的差异性的观念来实现对存在论的超越。列维纳斯的哲学思想启发了德里达、马里翁等诸多法国当代哲学家。While Levinas introduced Husserlian phenomenology and Heidegger＇ s existential phenomenology,he also focused on critique and sublation of traditional ontology and proposed an ethical metaphysics that the Other possesses the absolute priority. Levinas＇ sublation is presented and analyzed both historically and theoretically in this paper. The historical reason of this sublation is considered to be Levinas＇ strong concern on the Human＇s social and existential conditions,and deep philosophical reflection on the ideological root of Nazi＇s evil during WW2. Theoretically,the main aim of Levinas＇ critique is the same and the totality,then he tried to go beyond ontology by orienting to the unrecoverable otherness. Levinas＇ thought has already lighted many contemporary French philosophers such as Derrida and Marion.

关 键 词：存在论 同一性 总体性 差异性 他者 

分 类 号：B151[哲学宗教—世界哲学]