情境对序数的空间表征之影响  

Effect of Context on Spatial Representation of the Ordinal Number

作　　者：乔福强[1] 张恩涛[2] 陈功香[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022 [2]河南大学教育科学学院,开封475000

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第3期566-572,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：山东省教育科学规划"教育招生考试科学研究专设课题":素质教育与应试教育博弈中的高考改革研究(项目编号:S1159);济南大学科研基金项目(项目编号:15YB26)的资助

摘　　要：通过设置垂直维度上不同的情境,本研究采用"奇偶判断任务"探讨了情境对序数空间表征的影响。结果发现,只有序数的情况下,被试对小数的上键反应或下键反应、对大数的上键反应或下键反应都没有显著差异;在楼层情境下,被试对小数的下键反应更快,对大数的上键反应更快;在家谱情境下,被试对小数的上键反应更快,对大数的下键反应更快。以上结果表明,垂直维度上序数的空间表征受到情境的影响,这说明在垂直维度上数字的空间表征具有动态性,且受到具体和抽象情境的调节。Number is the crystallization of human wisdom. It is an important tool for human to understand the nature of things. The course and essence of number cognition have aroused the interest of researchers for decades. The discovering of mental number line and spatial-numerical association of response codes（SNARC） effect have provided evidence for understanding the cognitive process and representation types of number. Researchers have claimed that there was an imaginative and virtual number line in the human brain. It was used for people to work on operation and judgment task. Afterwards, the SNARC effect was found with the method of timed odd-even judgments task. That is, the left hand has faster reaction time to the smaller number, and the right hand has faster reaction time to the larger number. These results have verified that the direction of representation of mental number line was from left to right. Besides, some researchers have claimed that mental number line had good stability in horizontal dimension. The most representative number was positive number, whereas the spatial representation of negative number had the nature of dynamic and scene dependence. However, there was few study focusing on the representation of ordinal number so far. The impact of context on the representation of mental number line was still an open question.The present study aimed at investigating the influence of context on spatial representation of ordinal number with the timed odd-even judgment task. Three kinds of experimental stimulus were presented on the computer screen： only ordinal number, first, second, eighth, and ninth; floor context, the first floor, the second floor, the eighth floor, and the ninth floor; family tree context, the first generation, the second generation, the eighth generation, and the ninth generation. People were familiar with the floor context and had the experience of taking elevator or walking upstairs. In floor context, the higher floors, the larger numbers should be used to denote them. Family t

关 键 词：心理数轴 SNARC效应 序数 情境依存性 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]