祖辈共同养育背景下多重依恋关系及对幼儿社会-情绪性发展的影响  

Multiple attachment relationships and the impacts on children's socio-emotional development under the background of grandmother co-parenting

作　　者：邢淑芬[1] 梁熙[1] 岳建宏[1] 王争艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系,北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《心理学报》2016年第5期518-528,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“婴儿自我调节能力与多样化养育环境的交互影响:多水平追踪研究”(31470994);北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室支持

摘　　要：采用依恋Q-Set分类程序考察72名幼儿(M=17.51个月)的母子依恋和祖孙依恋的安全性,用《婴幼儿社会-情绪性评价量表》(ITSEA)同时评估了幼儿的社会-情绪性(包括外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域和能力域)的发展状况。结果发现:(1)在祖辈参与共同养育的背景下,大多数幼儿可以形成安全型的母子依恋和祖孙依恋,母子依恋的安全性高于祖孙依恋;(2)母子依恋和祖孙依恋存在着中等强度的相关,36%幼儿的母子依恋和祖孙依恋的安全性水平不一致;(3)回归分析表明,与祖孙依恋的安全性相比,母子依恋的安全性对幼儿的社会-情绪性发展的各领域具有更大的相对预测力,支持主导性假说;(4)拥有高安全性母子依恋和祖孙依恋的幼儿,其外显行为域和内隐行为域的得分显著低于其他3组,高安全性母子依恋或祖孙依恋不能补偿对方的低安全性依恋的消极影响。在失调域上,母子依恋和祖孙依恋的安全性存在着交互效应。In China, grandparent caring is a very common phenomenon. The quality of the mother-child and grandmother- child attachment relationships has a great impact on the children＇s socio-emotional development. Up to now, however, the concurrent relation between children＇s socio-emotional competence and the quality of their attachment to the mothers and grandmothers has not been explored. This study separately assessed the quality of children＇s attachment to mothers and grandmothers, thus we could examine the quality and concordance of the mother-child and grandmother-child attachment, and could also explore their relative predictive power and joint effects on children＇s socio-emotional competence. Participants were recruited from Beijing＇s major communities and websites. 72 mothers, grandmothers, and their children（including 38 boys） participated in our project. All the children were the first fetus and in good health. They were taken care of by grandmothers when their mothers were at work. The time of the grandmother caregiving was not less than 10 hours per week. Using Attachment Q-Sort, 72 children＇s（M = 17.51 months） attachment security of mother-child and grandmother-child was examined in two successive sessions, and children＇s socio-emotional development was simultaneously measured by Infant- toddler social and emotional assessment（containing four domains： Externalizing, Internalizing, Dysregulation and Competence）. The results showed that：（1） In the background of grandmother co-parenting, most of the children could form secure attachment relationships with mothers and grandmothers. The security level of the mother-child attachment was higher than that of the grandmother-child attachment.（2） There was a moderate correlation between the mother-child attachment and the grandmother-child attachment. 36 percent of the children＇s mother-child attachment security was dis-concordant with the grandmother-child attachment security.（3） Regression analysis showed that compared wit

关 键 词：多重依恋 祖辈看护 共同养育 幼儿 社会-情绪性发展 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]