银/壳聚糖复合物制备及其对蓝莓真菌的抑制作用  

Synthesis of Silver/chitosan Compound and Its Effects on Blueberry's Fungus Inhibition

作　　者：周雁[1] 陈群超[1] 蒋珩珺[1] 黄建颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学食品与生物工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2016年第3期58-67,共10页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y3110204);浙江省重大科技专项(2011C12031);国家自然科学基金(21102129)

摘　　要：制备银/壳聚糖复合物。采用紫外-可见光光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(FT-IR)、动态光散射(DLS)以及透射电镜(TEM)对产物进行表征和确定。以蓝莓为代表,探讨银/壳聚糖复合物在果蔬真菌病害防治应用的可能性。从蓝莓中分离鉴定到蓝莓病原真菌,研究银/壳聚糖复合物对此真菌的抑制作用,结果表明:银/壳聚糖复合物对该病原真菌的菌丝生长、孢子萌发及芽管伸长都有明显抑制作用。当银/壳聚糖复合物质量浓度为0.4 mg/m L时,其对菌丝生长的抑制率可达70.6%,而壳聚糖(0.4 mg/m L)使用量仅为11.7%;当银/壳聚糖复合物质量浓度为0.20 mg/m L时,孢子萌发完全受到抑制,而壳聚糖质量浓度为2.0 mg/m L时才能达到完全抑制效果。对蓝莓进行抗病性试验,结果表明腐烂率随银/壳聚糖复合物浓度的增加而降低。当银/壳聚糖复合物的质量浓度为1.6 mg/m L时,蓝莓发病率降到10%以下。Silver/chitosan was synthesized and characterized by UV, FT-IR, DLS and TEM. Represented by the blueberry, explored the possibility of its application in controlling fungal disease of fruit and vegetable. The silver/chitosan complex exhibited a good antifungal activity on pathogenic fungi which were isolated and identified from blueberry. And silver/chitosan complex showed a good inhibition on mycelial growth, conidial germination and germ tube elongation. The inhibitory indexes of mycelial growth for silver/chitosan and chitosan were 70.6% and 11.7%, respectively, at 0.4 mg/mL.At a concentration of 0.20 mg/mL, conidial germination and germ tube elongation were entirely suppressed by silver/chitosan, while a higher concentration（2.0 mg/mL） of chitosan was needed to get the same effect. Besides, silver/chitosan significantly reduced postharvest decay of blueberry. The decay of blueberry decreased with the increasing of silver/chitosan concentration. The decay percentage decreased to 10% at a concentration of 1.6 mg/mL.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 银 抑菌性能 蓝莓 真菌 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]