“同形异构”的聚合——《水浒传》与《儒林外史》的另一种文化阐释  

The Aggregation of Isomeric Homomorphism:A Different Cultural Interpretation of Water Margin and The Scholars

作　　者：葛永海[1] 孔德顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第4期29-35,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国城市叙事的古典传统及其现代变革研究"(10CZW038)

摘　　要：从特定角度来看,《水浒传》是好汉聚义,《儒林外史》是文人雅集。两书的聚合描写富有张力,所谓"同形异构",乃指两书人员流动的方式主要都是由散而聚,发展轨迹同中有异,生动展现了封建时代的游侠与游士以仪式化的方式各自在江湖与庙堂之间演绎文化身份上的进退与转换。尽管两书终极理想内涵相类,都体现出对"义"与"礼"的呼唤和重建,但小说相近的幻灭结局折射出重建文化秩序而不可得的悲悯,正是这种深刻的文化反思使得两书成为中国武者小说与文人小说的典范之作。From a specific point of view,Water Margin is about heroes who get together and uprise,while The Scholars is a refined gathering of scholars. Their depictions of aggregation are full of tension. The socalled ＂isomeric homomorphism＂means that mobility of people in these two books is from states of dispersing to gathering,and their development tracks are not only similar but also different in some ways,vividly displaying how wandering cavaliers and roaming scholars in the feudal age advance and retreat and transform their cultural identities in the imperial court and underworld in a ritual way. Although these two books have similar ultimate ideals and implications,they both embody a call for and reconstruction of ＂justice＂and ＂etiquette＂,and their similar vanishing endings reflect their pity on the lost cause of rebuilding the cultural order. It is such profound cultural reflection that makes these two books become paradigms of Chinese novels about martial heroes and scholars.

关 键 词：《水浒传》 《儒林外史》 聚合仪式 同形异构 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]