学校规模对教育公平、成本效益的影响-国外学校规模影响研究综述及启示  

How School Size Impact Educational Equality and Cost-Benefit: Review and Enlightenment of Foreign Studies on School Size

作　　者：叶庆娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院、湖北省基础教育研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《教育与经济》2016年第3期69-74,共6页Education & Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“城镇化进程中农村家庭义务教育需求研究”(项目批准号:15YJC880110);中央高校基本科研业务费重大培育项目“农村义务教育改革与发展问题研究”(项目批准号:CCNU14Z02007)研究成果

摘　　要：近些年来,因农村中小学布局调整导致学校规模扩张所引发的公平与效率问题,受到社会各界的广泛关注并引发争论。国外学者的相关实证研究对于我们客观认识并合理评价学校规模的效应具有重要价值。国外研究表明,小规模学校更有利于弱势群体子女学业成绩的提高,从而实现教育公平;学校规模的扩张并不必然带来生均成本的降低。这些研究对我国农村中小学布局调整政策转型及农村教育发展具有重要的启示和借鉴意义。正确认识学校规模视阈下的教育公平问题,采取差异化的学校规模发展策略;审慎对待学校规模经济效应,切勿因成本问题将学校布局调整这一"惠民"政策,扭曲为一项丧失民心、失去民意的"毁民"政策。In recent years, public attention and conversation have been aroused around equality and efficiency issues caused by the expansion of school size in the context of rural school layout adjustment. Foreign related empirical researches shed light on our objective understanding and rational assessment of the effect of school size. Foreign researches indicated that the academic performance of the underprivileged children was more likely to get improved in small schools , so as to realize the equality of education. And with the expansion of the school size, average cost of students was not necessary to be reduced. The foreign studies had important inspiration and provided reference for the policy transformation of China's rural primary and secondary schools layout adjustment. We need to set up correct understanding of the educational equality from the perspective of school scale ,adopt differentiated strategy to develop school size, hold cautious attitude toward the economic effect of school scale in case that the beneficial policy of school layout adjustment were distorted against public welfare by overloading students costs.

关 键 词：学校规模 学校布局调整 教育公平 成本效益 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]