微波杀灭玉米霉菌的工艺优化及品质分析  

Process optimization and quality analysis of moldy corn by microwave irradiation

作　　者：彭凯[1] 吴薇[1] 李丽[1] 靳志强[1] 王顺喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《饲料工业》2016年第11期59-64,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目[2011BAD26B0402]

摘　　要：试验旨在研究微波辐射对玉米霉菌的杀灭效果及品质影响。采用单因素试验分析了微波功率(170、340、510、680 W和850 W)、辐射时间(30、45、60、75、90、105、120 s和135 s)、玉米装载量(50、100、150、200 g和250 g)和水分含量(11%、14%、17%和20%)对微波灭菌率的影响,应用响应面法对微波灭菌的工艺参数进行了优化,并建立了相应的回归模型。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:微波功率680 W,辐射时间64 s,玉米装载量200 g,水分含量13%。在此条件下,微波辐射的平均灭菌率为99.68%,裂纹率为0,玉米粗蛋白、淀粉及粗脂肪的变异系数分别为0.86、2.26和0.21。微波辐射对玉米霉菌具有良好的杀灭效果,且对玉米的品质无不良影响。The present study is intended to explore the sterilization effects of microwave irradiation on the mould and its quality of corn. Single factor analysis and response surface methodology were adopted to research the influence of four controlled variables such as microwave power（170, 340, 510, 680 W and 850 W）, irradiation time（30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 s and 135 s）, load of corn（50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g）, moisture content（11%, 14%, 17% and 20%）on the microwave sterilization rate and optimize the process parameters. The corresponding regression models were established in this paper and the regression effect was significant. The optimal technological conditions of microwave irradiation were determined as follows： microwave power of 680 W, microwave time of 64 s, moisture content of 13% and load of corn of 200 g. Under these conditions, the average sterilization rate was 99.68%, corn crack rate was 0, and the coefficients of variation of crude protein, starch and crude fat of corn after microwave treatment were 0.86, 2.26 and 0.21, respectively. The results showed that microwave irradia- tion had good sterilization impacts on the mold and no adverse influence on the quality of corn.

关 键 词：玉米 霉菌 微波辐射 灭菌率 工艺优化 品质 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]