中国居民指示性多氯联苯膳食摄入水平研究  

Study on the dietary intake level for indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in China

作　　者：邵懿 尹帅星 张磊 李敬光 赵云峰 王君 吴永宁 

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心食品安全标准研究中心,北京100022 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心食品安全检定和应用技术研究中心,北京100022

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2016年第6期503-507,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAK01801）;国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2012CB720804）;国家卫生计生委食品安全项目（食品安全标准）

摘　　要：目的：调查中国居民通过膳食摄入指示性多氯联苯（PCBs）的情况及其潜在健康风险。方法样品来自第五次中国总膳食研究（2009—2013年）。采样根据地理位置和膳食习惯将中国分为南方区和北方区，每个区选取10个省份，进行消费量调查及样品的采集。每个省份设3个采样点，包括1个城市点和2个农村点。本研究根据PCBs主要污染的食品类别和中国居民消费量较大的食品类别，选取了其中肉类、蛋类、水产、乳类、谷类、豆类、薯类及蔬菜8类食品膳食样品，共160份膳食样品进行测定。应用稳定性同位素稀释的气相色谱-质谱法测定主要膳食中7种指示性PCBs污染水平，并结合食物消费量数据计算得到中国居民指示性PCBs的膳食摄入水平。结果目前中国8大类膳食中指示性PCBs含量范围在0.8～1300.1 pg/g之间；水产品指示性PCBs含量[（307.8±302.4）pg/g]最高，其后依次是蛋类和肉类，分别为（76.6±92.1）和（63.0±54.9）pg/g。中国不同省份指示性PCBs的膳食摄入量明显不同，范围为0.13～3.58 ng·kg-1·d-1，平均为（0.67±0.77）ng·kg-1·d-1。摄入量最高的是福建（3.58 ng·kg-1·d-1），其后依次是上海（1.48 ng·kg-1·d-1）、浙江（1.09 ng·kg-1·d-1）。与美国有毒物质和疾病注册处提出PCBs的最低风险剂量值（MRL）值（20 ng·kg-1·d-1）相比，最高膳食摄入量仅为MRL值的17.9%，平均膳食摄入量为MRL值的3.4%。水产对中国居民人均指示性PCBs膳食摄入的贡献率为48%（0.32 ng·kg-1·d-1/0.67 ng·kg-1·d-1），是主要来源。结论中国居民指示性PCBs的膳食摄入健康风险处于较低水平。Objective To obtain representative data on levels of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） in foods consumed by the general population and to estimate the dietary intake of indicator PCBs in China. Methods The food samples were collected during the fifth China Total Diet Study （2009-2013）. Based on the geographical location and dietary habits, China was divided into the south area and the north area, and 10 province regions from each area were chosen. In each province region, one urban site and two rural sites were selected to collect food samples. Considering the food consumption level and the PCBs contaminate rule, a total of 160 samples including meat, eggs, fish, milk, cereals, beans, potatoes and vegetables were selected. The concentration of 7 indicator PCBs in food were determined by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass, and combined with food consumption to calculate the dietary intake of indicator PCBs. Results The concentration of indicator PCBs in 8 categories of food were in the range of 0.8-1 300.1 pg/g. The levels of indicator PCBs were significantly higher in the aquatic products, averaging （307.8 ± 302.4） pg/g, followed by eggs at （76.6 ± 92.1） pg/g and meat at （63.0 ± 54.9） pg/g. The daily dietary intake of indicator PCBs varied from province to province, ranging from 0.13 ng·kg-1·d-1 to 3.58 ng·kg-1·d-1, averaging （0.67 ± 0.77） ng · kg-1 · d-1. Fujian had the highest level（3.58 ng · kg-1 · d-1）, followed by Shanghainbsp;（1.48 ng · kg-1 · d-1）and Zhejiang（1.09 ng · kg-1 · d-1）. Compared with the minimum risk level （MRL） value （20 ng · kg-1 · d-1）proposed by US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the highest dietary intake level was only 17.9%MRL, the average dietary intake level was 3.4%MRL. Aquatic products was still the major contributor to the dietary intake of indicator PCBs in China, 48%of average dietary intake level （0.32 ng·kg-1·d-1/0.67 ng·kg-1·d-1）. Conclusion The dietary intake of indica

关 键 词：多氯联苯化合物 膳食调查 膳食摄入水平 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]