基于滑模观测器与滑模控制器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制  

Position Sensorless Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Sliding Mode Observer and Sliding Mode Controller

作　　者：陈思溢[1] 皮佑国[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学自主系统与网络控制教育部重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南理工大学自动化科学与工程学院,广州510640

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2016年第12期108-117,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：针对无位置传感器永磁同步电机控制系统中转子位置与转速无法直接测量的问题,提出基于滑模观测器的转子位置间接检测方法。通过研究低速时滑模观测器的估算误差较大的特点,分析无位置传感器控制方式下电机存在无法零速起动的问题,利用变压变频控制策略进行他控起动。依据滑模观测器的电流跟随特性和滑模控制器的转速跟随特性,同时引入时变项,在提高滑模面收敛速度的基础上实现了调速系统由他控方式向自控方式的平滑过渡。仿真和实验证明,提出的算法不仅解决了滑模观测器在零速及附近的低速范围内所存在的预测死区问题,而且削弱了两种控制方式切换过程中产生的抖振。In this paper, a scheme of sensorless detection based on sliding mode observer is proposed for the position sensorless control system in permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM）. By analyzing the estimation errors existed in sliding mode observer at low speed that lead to starting failure under sensorless control strategy, a method for PMSM running with constant volt/hertz（V/F） is proposed. Considering the following performance of current and motor speed in sliding mode observer（SMO） and sliding mode controller（SMC） respectively, a time-varying item is introduced. It can achieve the smooth transition from constant V/F method to self-controlled method in speed control system, and also can improve the convergence rate of the sliding mode surface. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can not only solve the dead-zone of SMO at standstill and low speed, but also reduce the chattering in the switching process between the two control methods.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 无位置传感器 滑模观测器 滑模控制器 变压变频控制 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]