远程汉语微课程教学专家系统设计研究  

Design of Distance Teaching Expert System for Chinese Language Based on Micro-Lecture

作　　者：李炜[1] 周晓军[1] 张润芝[1] 宋敏[1] 赵雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学网络教育学院

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2016年第4期103-112,共10页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：北京语言大学青年自主科研支持计划资助项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)"汉语国际推广形势下的远程汉语运行模式研究"(09JBT01)

摘　　要：可汗学院的成功及其他各类形式微课程教育的普及,适时地满足了学习者碎片化的学习需求,有效推动了个别化教学的进程。当前,全球范围的汉语热对个别化汉语学习提出了新需求,以课件或者实时授课方式开展的教学难以满足这一需求。全球范围内学习者的元认知、学习特质、认知状态、学习历程、学习兴趣等各具差异,其个别化的学习需求通过千篇一律的课件形式难以满足,虽然采用一对一的实时授课能满足这一需求,但在全球范围内实施成本较高,难以普及。因此,通过开发个别化的汉语微课程教学专家系统,能够克服实施成本和学习内容单一等问题,从而有效地实现个别化的远程汉语学习。个别化的远程汉语微课程教学专家系统,以建构主义和第二语言习得理论为指导,将汉语课程内容"片断化"为微课程,以结构化的微课程知识树为基础,通过建立和维护一个动态增长的学生模型,跟踪和记录学员的汉语认知状态,调用相应个别化教学策略,实现了动态的个别化汉语学习,适应了学习者碎片化学习的需求,提供了汉语及其相关学科的微课程远程教学实践的参考。Khan Academy＇s success and popularity of all kinds of micro-course educational forms have effectively met the learners fragmented learning needs and promoted the individualized teaching. At present, the global craze for Chinese language learning has posed higher requirements for the individualized distance Chinese education, while the courseware teaching or the real-time teaching system is inadequate to meet the above needs. Learners＇ metacognition, learning characteristics, cognitive states, learning process, and learning interests vary a lot in different parts of the world, which makes it difficult to meet the individualized learning needs by using the same type of courseware teaching. Although the one to one real-time teaching can satisfy this requirement to a certain degree, its cost is too high to make it popularized in the world. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems and make the individualized distance Chinese learning effective, it is essential to construct an Individualized Chinese Teaching Expert System based on a series of micro courses. Guided by the constructivism and second language acquisition theory, fragmenting the Chinese curriculum into a series of micro-lectures, with the structured micro-lecture knowledge tree as its basis, and adopting some related individualized teaching strategies, the Individualized Chinese Teaching Expert System is able to implement dynamic individualized Chinese learning, and to meet the needs of learners＇ fragmented learning needs. It will also provide references for the practice of distance Chinese teaching and other related subjects.

关 键 词：汉语国际教育 微课程 智能教学专家系统 个别化教学 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]