青少年抑郁情绪影响因素的双生子研究  

A twin study on influential factors of adolescent depressive symptoms

作　　者：朱文芬[1] 傅一笑[2] 胡小梅[3] 李涛[4] 王英诚[4] 邓伟[4] 马兴顺 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理学院,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心 [3]遵义医学院附属医院 [4]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心 [5]陕西省榆林市第一医院

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2016年第5期282-286,共5页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81101025);重庆市医学科研计划项目(编号:20142023)

摘　　要：目的探讨遗传及环境因素对青少年抑郁情绪的影响。方法采用贝克抑郁量表（Beck depression inventory,BDI）对重庆市107对11~18岁双生子的抑郁情绪进行评定,采用一般情况问卷、父母的养育方式和维度问卷（parenting styles and dimensions questionaire,PSDQ）、家庭压力问卷（family stresses questionnaire,FSQ）、家庭亲密度与适应性量表（family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale 2nd edition Chinese version,FACES II-CV）、应激生活事件（stressful life event,SLE）等量表调查环境因素,采集双生子静脉血标本提取DNA以进行卵型鉴定。构建单因素结构方程模型,分析加性遗传因素（A）、共享环境因素（C）、特殊环境因素（E）对双生子抑郁情绪的影响。结果双生子的抑郁情绪与父亲受教育程度（r=-0.15,P=0.03）、母亲受教育程度（r=-0.17,P=0.01）、权威型养育方式（r=-0.18,P〈0.01）、家庭适应性（r=-0.27,P〈0.01）及亲密度（r=-0.20,P〈0.01）呈负相关,与家庭压力呈正相关（r=0.12,P=0.04）,与应激生活事件无统计学相关性（P〉0.05）。结构方程示,在抑郁情绪总变异方差中加性遗传效应占0.37（95%CI：0.14~0.57）,个体特殊环境因素占0.63（95%CI：0.43~0.86）。结论抑郁情绪与父母权威型养育方式、家庭适应性负性相关,与家庭压力正性相关;青少年抑郁情绪受加性遗传和特殊环境因素的共同影响,但受特殊环境的影响更大。Objective To explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on adolescents depressive symptoms.MethodsThe depressive mood were investigated in 107 twin pairs from Chongqing（aged from 11 to 18 years old） using Beck Depression Inventory（BDI）. The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionaire（PSDQ）, Family Stresses Questionnaire（FSQ）, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale 2nd Edition Chinese Version（FACES II-CV） and Stressful Life Event（SLE） were applied to assess their environment factors. The blood samples were collected to identify zygosity of twins. Structural equation model was performed to evaluate the effects of the additive genetic factors（A）, shared environment factors（C） and individual specific environmental factors（E） on the adolescents depressive mood.Results The scores of depressive mood were negatively correlated with father＇s education level（r=-0.15, P=0.03）, mother＇s education level（r=-0.17, P=0.01）, scores of the authoritative-parenting-style（r=-0.18, P〈0.01）, scores of the family adaptability（r=-0.27, P〈0.01） and family cohesion（r=-0.20, P〈0.01）. There were significantly positively correlation between depressive mood and family stresses scores（r=0.14, P=0.04）. The scores of adolescents depressive mood were not significantly correlated with stress life events（P〈0.05）. The effects of A and E on adolescents depressive symptoms were 0.37（95%CI： 0.14~0.57） and 0.63（95%CI： 0.43~0.86）, respectively.ConclusionThe authoritative-parenting-style and family adaptability are negatively correlated with depressive mood. Family stresses are positively correlated with depressive mood. Adolescents depressive mood is influenced by genetic factors and, to a greater extent, specific environmental factors.

关 键 词：青少年抑郁 双生子 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]