武汉市13～15岁中学生有氧活动能力调查  

Aerobic power of students aged 13-15 years in Wuhan City

作　　者：马玉巧 陈艳琳[1] 李小芳[1] 卞晨阳 颜秋歌 吴春侠[1] 吴淋果 余毅震[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健系,武汉430030

出　　处：《卫生研究》2016年第4期608-613,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：2012年度卫生公益性行业科研专项(No.201202010)

摘　　要：目的通过逐级递增负荷运动试验测定13~15岁中学生最大有氧活动能力,建立间接预测模型。方法选取武汉市区一所初中31名学生作为研究对象,利用活动跑台对研究者的最大摄氧量进行测量,同时测量身高、体重、肺活量(VC)、脂肪体重和安静心率,计算体质指数和体脂百分比,分析最大摄氧量与人体测量学指标的相关性,并建立多元线性回归预测模型。结果男生的相对最大摄氧量[(48.00±5.80)L/min vs(39.79±6.37)L/min,t=3.753,P<0.001]、绝对最大摄氧量[(2.66±0.29)m L/(kg·min)vs(2.02±0.36)m L/(kg·min),t=5.418,P<0.001]及氧脉搏[(13.33±1.28)m L/次vs(10.34±1.70)m L/次,t=5.562,P<0.001]均高于女生,且差异具有统计学意义;最大摄氧量与体重、BMI、体脂百分比及安静心率呈负相关(P<0.05),与瘦体重呈正相关(P<0.05);采用多元线性回归建立男生VO_(2max)预测模型为:VO_(2max)=0.856+0.044×瘦体重-0.011×安静心率+0.0002×肺活量,其中R=0.903,R^2=0.816;女生预测方程为VO_(2max)=4.769+0.044×瘦体重-0.020×安静心率-0.254×年龄,R=0.813,R^2=0.662。结论人体测量学指标与最大摄氧量密切相关,可有效预测有氧活动能力。Objective To measure the maximal capacity of students aged 13- 15 years by graded exercise test,and establish a model to indirect predict VO2 max. Methods A total of 31 school-aged students in Wuhan participated in the study. Maximal oxygen uptake was obtained from a graded maximal exercise test,the anthropometric variables including height,weight,vital capacity（ VC）,resting heart rate,fat mass were measured and body mass index（ BMI）, body fat percentage（ FAT%） was calculated. The relationships between maximal oxygen uptake and anthropometric characteristics were investigated in partial correlation analysis and a linear multiple regression model was established. Results There was a significant difference in mass-relative VO_（2max）[（ 48. 00± 5. 80） L / min vs（ 39. 79 ± 6. 37） L / min,P〈0. 001],absolute VO_（2max）[（ 2. 66 ± 0. 29）m L /（ kg·min） vs（ 2. 02 ± 0. 36） m L /（ kg·min）,P〈0. 001],pulse oxygen [（ 13. 33 ±1. 28） m L / beat vs（ 10. 34 ± 1. 70） m L / beat,P〈0. 001] between the boys and girls respectively. And a statistically significant negative correlation was observed between values of maximal oxygen uptake and weight,BMI,FAT% and resting heart rate（ P〈0. 05）,while lean body mass was positive with VO_（2max）（ P〈0. 05）. Multiple regression analysis suggested that the best VO_（2max） predictive model of boys was VO_（2max）= 0. 856 ＋0. 044 × lean body mass- 0. 011 × resting heart rate ＋ 0. 0002 × vital capacity（ R =0. 903,R-2= 0. 816）,and the prediction equation of girls was follows： VO_（2max）= 4. 769 ＋0. 044 × lean body mass- 0. 020 × resting heart rate- 0. 254 × age（ R = 0. 813,R-2=0. 662）. Conclusion The present study suggests that anthropometric characteristics might be closely related with maximal aerobic capacity and can effectively predict the maximal aerobic power.

关 键 词：初中生 有氧活动能力 平板运动测试 体成分 预测模型 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]