3～5岁听障儿童与健听儿童声母发音清晰度比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Consonant Articulation Between Hearing-Impaired and Normal-hearing Children Aged 3-5

作　　者：史泱[1] 张芳[1] 晁欣[1] 黄露[1] 曲春燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国聋儿康复研究中心

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2016年第4期262-265,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的：研究和比较3～5岁听障儿童与健听儿童声母发音特征与差异。方法选取3～5岁康复6个月以上的听障儿童110名和健听儿童37名，以《汉语构音能力测验词表》为测试材料进行测试，分析不同声母的发音正确率。结果听障儿童发音正确率80%以上的声母有/b/、/m/、/d/、/n/、/h/；60%～80%的有/p/、/t/、/j/、/x/、/f/、/l/、/q/、/r/；60%以下的有/g/、/k/、/sh/、/zh/、/ch/、/s/、/z/、/c/。健听儿童声母发音正确率均达到85%以上，其中／b／和／m／的发音正确率听障儿童与健听儿童相比无统计学意义（P〉0.05），其它声母均有显著或极其显著差异。听障儿童不同发音部位声母发音清晰度由高到低排序为双唇音＞舌尖中音＞舌面音＞舌根音＞唇齿音＞舌尖后音＞舌尖前音；不同发音方式声母发音清晰度由高到低排序为鼻音＞不送气塞音＞送气塞音＞边音＞擦音＞不送气塞擦音＞送气塞擦音。结论听障儿童的声母发音清晰度落后于健听儿童，须结合声母发音的难易程度及可见性等因素进行持续性、有针对性的言语清晰度训练。Objective To study the consonant pronunciation characteristics and differences between hearing-impaired and normal-hearing children aged 3-5.Methods 110 hearing-impaired children receiving rehabilitation more than half a year and 37 normal-hearing children aged 3 to 5 were enrolled in this study. The chinese Articulation Ability Test was conducted to analyze the accuracy of consonant pronunciation.Results The consonants with articulation accuracy over 80% in hearing-impaired children included/b/,/m/,/d/,/n/,/h/;those with accuracy between 60%-80% included/p/,/t/,/j/,/x/,/f/,/l/,/q/,/r/;Those with accuracy less than 60% included/g/,/k/,/sh/,/zh/,/ch/,/s/,/z/,/c/. The accuracy of consonant pronunciation in normal-hearing children reached more than 85%.The ranking of consonant articulation accuracy for different articulation position from high to low was bilabial〉blade-alveolar〉alveo-palatal〉velar〉labiodentals〉blade-palatal〉supradental;the ranking of articulation accuracy for different manner of articulation from high to low was： nasal consonant〉unaspirated stops〉aspirated stop〉lateral〉fricative〉unaspirated affricati〉aspirated affricate.Conclusion The accuracy of the consonant pronunciation in hearing-impaired children is lower than that in normal-hearing children. Hearing-impaired children should receive a continuous and targeted articulation training, and the training should be carried out based on the difficulty and visibility of consonants.

关 键 词：听障儿童 声母 发音方式 发音部位 发音清晰度 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]