时间性特质与空间性特质--英汉名动关系多视角探析  

The trait of temporality and the trait of spatiality: A multilevel analysis of the relationship between nouns and verbs in English and Chinese

作　　者：何清强[1] 王文斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院,315211 [2]北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心,100089

出　　处：《现代外语》2016年第4期439-448,582,共10页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“英语的时间性特质与汉语的空间性特质研究”(11BYY018);浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“从英汉时空性差异看汉语二语词汇教学模型的构建”(14NDJC063YB)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文从句法、语用和认知这三个视角分别对英汉名动关系进行分析。从句法看,英语名动是分立关系,汉语名动是包含关系;从语用看,英语名词具有陈述功能,汉语动词具有指称功能;从认知看,英语动词名用的概念投射是一种实现过程,汉语动词名用的概念投射则属于构成关系。这些差异均反映出英语重动作行为、重时间,而汉语则是重名物、重空间。神经心理学和神经影像学的相关研究成果均支持上述观点。The relationship between nouns and verbs in English and Chinese is analyzed in this paper from the perspectives of syntax, pragmatics and cognition. Syntactically speaking, nouns and verbs are two separate syntactic categories of words in English, but in Chinese nouns include verbs. From the perspective of pragmatics, while in English nouns have the function of stating, verbs have that of reference in Chinese. In terms of cognition, conversion from verbs to nouns in English involves a realizational process of conceptual projection whereas in Chinese it is just a constitutive case of conceptual projection. Such differences between English and Chinese reflect the trait of temporality of the former and the trait of spatiality of the latter, which is strongly supported by the evidence collected from the relevant research findings in neuropsychology and neuroimaging.

关 键 词：英语的时间性特质 汉语的空间性特质 名词 动词 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]