呼伦贝尔草原野生牧草青贮中优良乳酸菌的分离及鉴定  

Isolation and identification of high-quality lactic acid bacteria from wild forage silages on the Hulunbuir prairie

作　　者：王红梅[1] 孙启忠[2] 屠焰[1] 司丙文[1] 萨如拉[2] 那亚[3] 刁其玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第8期189-196,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)专项(20120304202);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项资助

摘　　要：本研究对呼伦贝尔草原牧草青贮饲料中的乳酸菌进行了分离、鉴定,旨为筛选出优良乳酸菌菌株。以4个地区不同群落牧草的青贮饲料为试验材料,并采用传统微生物学鉴定方法及16SrRNA序列分析对分离得到的乳酸菌菌株进行了鉴定。菌株DME53为草乳杆菌,DMG108为干酪乳杆菌,DMC80为植物乳杆菌,DMG138为短乳杆菌,DMG139为戊糖片球菌;其中菌株DMG138为异型发酵乳酸菌,其余4株菌均为同型发酵乳酸菌。除DMG139在40和45℃下生长微弱外,其余菌株均在5-45℃不同温度条件下,3.0%和6.5%NaCl培养液中良好生长。除菌株DME53在pH 3.0下不能生长外,其余菌株均在pH 3.0-8.0条件下良好生长或微弱生长。菌株DMC80具有产酸能力较强、发酵速率较快、耐酸、耐低温等特性,可作为制备适用于呼伦贝尔地区青贮饲料菌制剂的优良菌株。The objectives of this study were to identify lactic acid bacteria （LAB）from forage silages on the Hu-lunbuir prairie and screen LAB for desirable attributes.LAB strains were isolated from grass silages of four dif-ferent communities and identified with classical identification and 16S rRNA analysis methods.Five strains：DME53,DMG108,DMC80,DMG138 and DMG139 were isolated and identified as Lactobacillus graminis ,L. casei,L.plantarum,L.brevis and Pediococcus pentosaceus ,respectively,in which DMG138 was identified as heterofermentative LAB while the other four strains were all homofermentative LAB.All five strains grew well at different temperatures,ranging from 5 to 45 ℃,and in 3.0% and 6.5% NaCl;an exception was that DMG139 grew poorly at 40 and 45 ℃.All strains generally grew well at pH ranging from 3.0-8.0;however,DME53 was inactive at pH 3.0.In conclusion,strain DMC80 demonstrated consistently desirable traits;strong acid production capacity,rapid fermentation rate and good tolerance of acidity and cold which could be used for the preparation of silage in Hulunbuir prairie.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 植物乳杆菌 青贮饲料 牧草 呼伦贝尔草原 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]