原奶质量季节性变化规律研究  

Study on Seasonal Variation of Raw Milk Quality

作　　者：程铁辕[1] 郑若欣 黄治国[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川出入境检验检疫局国家酒类检测重点实验室,宜宾644000 [2]泸州市产品质量监督检验所,泸州646000 [3]四川理工学院酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室,自贡643000

出　　处：《食品工业》2016年第8期134-139,共6页The Food Industry

摘　　要：试验对四川某市部分奶牛养殖基地的原奶进行抽样和分析,检验相对密度、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、非脂乳固体含量和细菌总数五个指标。结果表明,所检测指标均随季节的变化而有较大变化,牛奶的相对密度、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和非脂乳固体含量均在冬季（11月-次年1月）最高,夏季（5月-7月）最低,部分奶农原奶的乳脂率、乳蛋白率在春季最低。而细菌总数在夏季最高,冬季最低;不同饲养管理方式对原奶质量也有所影响,相对于散户饲养,较大规模养殖场奶牛所产原奶其相对密度、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、非脂乳固体含量和细菌总数均较低。该市原奶的质量随四季变化和饲养管理方式呈现规律性的波动。The test was done by the sampling and analysis of one of the city＇s raw milk cow breeding base in Sichuan.Five indicators were testing such as relative density,butterfat rate,lactoprotein ratio,non-fat milk solids content,and total bacterial count.The results showed that the inspecting item was detected with the change of season and there were significant changes,the relative density,butterfat rate,lactoprotein ratio,and non-fat milk solids content of milk reached the highest in winter（November to January of next year） and the lowest in summer（May to July）,the butterfat rate and lactoprotein ratio in part of raw milk dairy farmers reached the lowest in spring.The total bacteria count was highest in summer and lowest in winter;Different ways of feeding and management also had an impact on the quality of raw milk,with respect to the retail breeding,large-scale dairy farms producing raw milk,its relative density,butterfat rate,lactoprotein ratio,non-fat milk solids content,and total bacteria count were lower.Fluctuations in the quality of the city＇s raw milk presents regular changed with the seasons and feeding management.

关 键 词：牛奶 质量 季节 

分 类 号：TS252.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]