饲粮铜含量对牦牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响  

Effects of Dietary Copper Content on Rumen Fermentation of Yaks in Vitro

作　　者：薛艳锋[1] 郝力壮[1] 刘书杰[1] 柴沙驼[1] 张晓卫[1] 赵索南 

机构地区：[1]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,青海高原牦牛研究中心,青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016 [2]海北州畜牧兽医科学研究所,海晏810200

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第8期2599-2606,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“973”国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB722906);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B01);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2015DFG31870);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203008);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13074);青海省重大科技平台建设项目(2013-Z-Y03)

摘　　要：为了探究牦牛饲粮中微量元素铜的适宜含量,本试验以甘氨酸铜作为添加形式,以牦牛饲粮为底物进行体外瘤胃发酵,底物铜含量分别为5.0、10.0、15.0、20.0、25.0 mg/kg,共发酵48 h。测定发酵后的产气量、瘤胃发酵指标及消化酶活力。结果表明：当底物铜含量为15.0 mg/kg时,干物质消化率（DM D）,微生物蛋白质（M CP）、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度,脂肪酶（LPS）、胰蛋白酶（TYS）、纤维素酶（CLS）活力均达到最大值,分别为63.858%、4.289 g/L、24.475 mmol/L、0.470 mmol/L、8.977 mmol/L、1.159 mmol/L、1.607 mmol/L、81.583 mmol/L、0.504 U/m L、84.167 U/m L、79.956 U/m L,乙酸/丙酸最低为2.045;当铜含量为10.0 mg/kg时,M CP、乙酸浓度达到最大值,分别为4.289 g/L、51.075 mmol/L,且其他指标也都处于较高水平。综合得出,在体外条件下,牦牛饲粮推荐铜含量为10.0~15.0 mg/kg。To find an optimal content of copper in diet for yaks,cupric glycinate was used as additive,and diet for yaks was used as a substrate for in vitro rumen fermentation in the present study.Copper contents in substrates were designed as 5.0,10.0,15.0,20.0,25.0 mg/kg,respectively.The fermentation lasted for 48 h.After fermentation,gas production,rumen fermentation parameters and digestive enzyme activities were measured.The results showed as follows：when the content of copper in substrate was 15.0 mg/kg,dry matter digestibility（DM D）,the concentrations of microbial protein（M CP）,propionic acid,isobutyric acid,butyric acid,isovaloric acid,valeric acid and total volatile fatty acids,as well as the activities of lipidase,trypsinase,cellulase reached the highest,which were 63.858 %,4.289 g/L,24.475 mmol/L,0.470 mmol/L,8.977 mmol/L,1.159 mmol/L,1.607 mmol/L,81.583 mmol/L,0.504 U/m L,84.167 U/m L and79.956 U/m L,respectively;when the content of copper in substrate was 10.0 mg/kg,acetic acid/propionic acid reached the lowest,which was 2.045;when the content of copper was 10.0 mg/kg,M CP and acetic acid concentrations reached the highest,which were 4.289 g/L and 51.075 mmol/L,respectively,and the values of other indexes were also on high level.Therefore,under in vitro conditions,the copper content recommended in yak＇s diet is between 10.0 and 15.0 mg/kg.

关 键 词：牦牛 甘氨酸铜 体外产气技术 消化酶活力 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]