《说文》“蝒”“蠜”解诂——兼议蜀方言三种昆虫的得名  

Mián & Fán in Shuo Wen: Also about Naming Three Insects in Shu Dialect

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作  者:纪国泰[1] 

机构地区:[1]西华大学人文学院,四川成都610039

出  处:《西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2016年第5期37-41,67,共6页Journal of Xihua University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

摘  要:段玉裁对《说文》将"蝒"与"■"(蟋蟀)为伍表示不解,认为"恐是浅人乱之耳";《说文》以"阜蠜"释"蠜",段玉裁认为"阜蠜"即《尔雅》中的"阜螽",然而,"阜蠜"为"草螽",与"阜螽"并列为《尔雅》"五螽"。于是,《说文》中的"蝒"和"蠜"究竟是什么样的昆虫,成为两千年来一直争论不休的问题。文章通过较为深入的考证,得出的结论是:"蝒"即学名"灶马"的昆虫,蜀人呼作"灶鸡母";"蠜"是酷似蟋蟀(蜀人呼作"灶鸡子")的昆虫,蜀人呼作"油和尚"或者"和尚头儿"。Duan Yucai showed his confusion about mian (蝒) and fan(蠜), believing that someone mixed up the two insects. In Shuo Wen people regarded fufan(阜蠜) and fan(蠜) as the same insect and Mr. Duan thought that fufan(阜蠜) was also called fuzhong(阜螽) in Er Ya, but the problem was that fufan(阜蠜) was caozhong(草螽). Caozhong(草螽), together with fuzhong(阜螽) , is one of the five insects in Er Ya. As a result, what insect mian(蝒) or fan(蠜) refers to in Shuo Wen has been an unsolved puzzle for over 2000 years. After further textual research, the essay comes to the conclusion that: the scientific name for mian (蝒) is zhaoma(灶马), the zhaojimu (灶鸡母) in Shu dialect; Fan(蠜) is similar to xishuai (蟋蟀), the former is youheshang(油和尚) or heshangtouer(和尚头儿) while the latter is zhaojizi (灶鸡子) in Sichuan dialect.

关 键 词:《说文》 《尔雅》   灶马  

分 类 号:H131[语言文字—汉语]

 

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