政治象征理论的钩沉与反思——兼论象征政治学理路的铺设  

Retrospections and Reflections on the Theory of Political Symbols: Concurrently Discuss the Building of a Symbolic Politics Approach

作　　者：王海洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,南京市210023

出　　处：《政治学研究》2016年第4期15-24,125,共10页CASS Journal of Political Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"现代中国公共记忆与民族认同研究"(13&ZD191)的研究成果

摘　　要：政治象征作为新制度主义政治学的核心主题之一,其复兴在近30年中可谓缓滞。在当前政治理论和实践皆已巨变的背景下铺设一条象征政治学的新理路,需要对政治象征的学术史作重新梳理和反思。人类学通过分析象征在社会结构和政治过程中的具体作用,逐渐将权力当作政治象征研究的主要方向;早期政治科学的奠基者基于对政治象征与性情和情境这两类因素之间关系的界定,为政治象征研究筑造了相对独立的心理学基础;后行为主义政治学时期的研究者则以行政系统中的象征作用和象征意义的生成模式为重点,初步构建起体系性的政治象征分析框架。基于这些文献梳理工作,本文构建了一条象征政治学理路,以为拓展和深化政治实践范畴中的国家建设、政府治理和政治文化等核心问题的研究提供新的思路。As a core theme of the new institutionalism in political science,studies of political symbols have been developed slowly in the last thirty years. The direction,foundation and frame of a new research approach rely on tidying and rethinking the academic history of political symbols under the background that political theories and practice have been changed tremendously. Political anthropologists put the power as the main direction of studies of political symbols gradually through the analysis of the specific role of symbols in the social structure and political process. The founders of the early political science built an independent psychological foundation for studies of political symbols by defining the relations between political symbols and the dispositional and situational factors. Scholars in the period of post-behaviorism politics constructed a systematic analytical framework preliminarily with the emphases of symbolic roles in administration system and generation models of symbolic meanings. Based on above analysis,this article builds a symbolic politics approach which could provide some new research thoughts for expanding and deepening the studies of some core issues such as nation building,governance,and political culture and so on in the political practical category.

关 键 词：政治象征 符号 象征政治学 行为主义 新制度主义 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]