产表面活性剂菌株(QS-M2)的筛选及其特性研究  

Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria QS-M2

作　　者：张丽霞[1] 张虹[1,2] 卞立红[1] 任国领[1] 孟令一[2] 黄永红[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆师范学院生物工程学院,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]东北师范大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2016年第4期65-69,共5页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(C201401);大庆师范学院博士科研启动项目(11ZR17);大庆市科技计划项目(szdfy-2015-66);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12513004)

摘　　要：从大庆油田油水采出液中经富集培养、划线分离、溶血圈测定和苯酚硫酸检测等方法筛选出一株产表面活性剂的菌株QS-M2.经生理生化分析和16S r DNA分子生物学鉴定,确定菌株QS-M2为铜绿假单胞菌.提取其代谢产物经薄层层析和HPLC-MS鉴定表明:主要的表面活性剂物质是鼠李糖脂类物质,其中单鼠李糖脂的主要组分为RhaC_(10)C_(10)、RhaC_(12)C_(12),双鼠李糖脂的主要组分为Rha_2C_(14)C_(12)、Rha_2C_(10)C_(12)和Rha_2C_(10)C_(10).该菌株产生的鼠李糖脂可将上清液的界面张力由72.0m N/m降至36.9 m N/m,且鼠李糖脂的乳化性能较好,在72 h内乳化性能稳定.结果表明,鼠李糖脂类表面活性剂物质是QS-M2菌株在微生物提高原油采收率过程中发挥作用的主要因素.A biosurfactants-producing strain QS-M2 could be isolated from the water samples of Daqing Oilfield by a series of steps including hydrocarbon enrichment culture, streak separation, hemolytic activity assay and phenol sulfuric acid assay and so on. The strain was identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa by analysis of 16S rDNA gene and physiochemical methods. Thin-layer chromatography（TLC） and high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS） examination showed that the key components of the crude biosurfactant were identified as rhamnolipid species containing two major monorhamnolipid species of Rha C10C10 and RhaC12C12 and three major dirhamnolipid species of Rha2C14C12, Rha2C10C12 and Rha2C10C10. The strain produced crude biosurfactant makes the interfacial tension of water decrease from 72 mN/m to 36. 9 mN/m and has excellent emulsifica- tion property which was stable within 72 h. The present study states that the rhamnolipid biosurfactants are major factors of QS-M2 strain in microbial enhanced oil recovery.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 菌株筛选 界面张力 乳化性能 鼠李糖脂 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]