延边黄牛公牛与阉牛牛肉营养成分比较研究  

Comparison Research on Nutrient Composition of Meet between Yanbian Yellow Bulls and Steers

作　　者：郭盼盼[1] 毛元廷[1] 李香子[1] 严昌国[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院动物科学系,延吉133000

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2016年第9期2333-2338,共6页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：高档肉牛繁育及育肥关键技术研究与示范

摘　　要：本试验主要对延边黄牛公牛与阉牛肉质中营养成分进行比较研究,选择品种相同,年龄、体重相近,健康状况良好的延边黄牛16头,随机分为2组,每组8头,其中试验组为阉牛,对照组为公牛,在试验日粮相同、饲养条件一致的条件下,育肥373d后进行屠宰。结果显示:1试验初期,两组间血清总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白、血糖、甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶含量均未表现出显著差异(P>0.05),而试验组白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、尿素氮及胆固醇含量极显著或显著高于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05);试验末期,试验组白蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白、胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且试验组甘油三酯含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),其他各成分含量两组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);2试验组背最长肌中油酸含量、油酸/亚油酸分别比对照组高6.51%和229.42%,差异显著或极显著(P<0.05;P<0.01);对照组背最长肌中亚油酸、硬脂酸含量均极显著高于试验组(P<0.01);3对照组背最长肌中脯氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸含量均高于试验组,差异显著(P<0.05),其他氨基酸均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。由此可知,延边黄牛阉牛体脂肪沉积较好,不饱和脂肪酸含量高,尤其是油酸含量明显高于公牛,肉质及口感好,适合生产高档牛肉。In order to compare the nutrient composition of meet between Yanbian Yellow bulls and steers,16 healthy beef cattles from same breed group with similar age and body weight were chosen and randomly divided into two groups with 8cattles per group.The experimental group was made up by steers and control group was bulls,all cattles were slaughtered after feed for 373 d.The results showed that：1At the early stage of experiment,the total protein,globulin,A/G,blood glucose,triglyceride,aspertate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase levels of the two groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）,and albumin,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,urea nitrogen and cholesterol of experimental group were extremely significantly or significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.01;P〈0.05）;At the end of the experiment,albumin,A/G and cholesterol of experimental group were significantly higher than the control group（P〈0.05）,and the triglycerides content was extremely significantly higher than control group（P〈0.01）;There was no significant difference in other indexes between the two groups（P〉0.05）;2The oleic acid content and C18∶1n9/C18∶2n6in longissimus dorsi of experimental group were 6.51%and 229.42% higher than that in control group,the difference were significant or extremely significant（P〈0.05;P〈0.01）,respectively.The linolic acid and octadecoic acid incontrol group were extremely significantly higher than that of experimental group（P〈0.01）;3The proportion of Pro,Gly,Ala and Arg in longissimus dorsi of control group were significant higher than that in experimental group（P〈0.05）,while other amino contents were no significant difference between two groups（P〉0.05）.In conclusion,the fat deposition,unsaturated fatty acid,especially oleic acid content in Yanbian Yellow steers were significantly higher than bull and it had good meat quality and good taste which was suitable for the production of high-grade beef.

关 键 词：延边黄牛 公牛 阉牛 脂肪酸 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S823.81[农业科学—畜牧学]