基于行程时间分布的异质交通流车队离散模型  

Heterogeneous Traffic Flow Platoon Dispersion Model Based on Travel Time Distribution

作　　者：姚志洪[1,2] 沈旅欧[1,2] 巫威眺[3] 蒋阳升[1,2] 黄磊[4] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学综合交通运输智能化国家地方联合工程实验室,四川成都610031 [3]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510640 [4]西南交通大学数学学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2016年第8期134-142,151,共10页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(教外司留[2014]1685号文件);2015年国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510613045)

摘　　要：为充分反映公交车停靠随机延误对交通流的影响,准确描述异质交通流车队离散规律,提高交叉口车流到达分布预测的精度和自适应信号控制系统的控制效率,在实证研究的基础上,考虑小汽车行程时间、公交行驶时间和停靠时间分布,假设车辆行程时间服从截断正态分布,并通过调查数据拟合分布,拟合决定系数在0.9以上,证明了假设的合理性。基于此,从流量的角度分别推导了公交车和小汽车的车队流量离散模型,进而分析了2种交通流之间的关系,建立了异质交通流车队流量离散模型。最后,通过实测数据分析了下游交叉口到达流量分布与上游交叉口离去流量分布之间的关系,并将该模型与Robertson模型和混合高斯模型进行对比。结果表明:异质交通流条件下,小汽车和公交车车队存在不同的到达分布规律,与小汽车车队相比,公交车车队到达下游的时间较晚且峰值较缓;与Robertson模型和混合高斯模型相比,所提出的模型不仅能够描述异质交通流条件下的车队离散规律,还能充分体现小汽车和公交车各自的车队离散规律,基于此可研究制定公交优先控制策略。研究成果可为离线信号配时、公交优先控制提供理论支持。To capture the influence of bus stop＇s stochastic delay on traffic flow adequately, describe the dispersion characteristic of heterogeneous traffic flow platoon accurately, and improve the prediction accuracy of the traffic arrival distribution at intersection and the control effect of the adaptive signal control systems, based on empirical study, the distributions of car travel time, bus driving time and dwelling time were considered. With the assumption that the vehicletravel time followed truncated normal distribution, the distribution was fitted with survey data, and the fitting coefficient was above 0.9, which validated the rationality of the hypothesis. On this basis, the platoon dispersion models for both bus and car were developed from the perspective of traffic flow. Then the relationship between the two kinds of traffic flows was analyzed. And the platoon dispersion model for heterogeneous traffic flow was built. Finally, the relationship between arrival traffic flow distribution at downstream section and leaving traffic flow distribution at upstream intersection was analyzed by field collected data, and the results of proposed model were compared with those of Robertson model and mixed Gaussian distribution. The results show that car platoon and bus platoon have different arrival distribution regularities under the condition of heterogeneous traffic flow. Compared with the car platoon, the bus platoon arrives at the downstream intersection in a relatively late time and the peak is moderate. Compared with Robertson model and mixed Gaussian distribution, the proposed model can not only describe the platoon dispersion laws under heterogeneous traffic flow, but also fully reflect the platoon dispersion laws of car platoon and bus platoon. Based on this, the bus priority control strategy can be investigated and designed. The results provide theoretical support for off-line signal timing and bus priority control.

关 键 词：交通工程 车队离散模型 截断正态分布 异质交通流 行程时间 

分 类 号：U491.5[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]