论文化诗学与审美诗学的差异与关联  

Difference and Relevance between Cultural Poetics and Aesthetic Poetics

作　　者：李春青[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文艺学研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第5期73-84,共12页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"新时期文艺理论与批评建设及其关联因素研究"(12AZD013);北京师范大学2015年度"中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"项目

摘　　要：在文学理论研究中存在着两大基本研究路径:一者可以称为"审美诗学",一者可以称为"文化诗学"。前者以个体性审美经验为研究对象,旨在阐释文学文本的基本构成、风格特征、修辞技巧等形式范畴以及文学的创作与接受过程的心理机制、文学的审美价值等,回答"是什么"和"怎么样"的问题。后者以审美经验与社会文化诸因素的整体关联性为研究对象,旨在揭示包括文本构成、修辞技巧等形式范畴在内的各种文学现象在形成过程中与各种社会文化因素的复杂联系,回答"为什么"和"意味着或表征着什么"的问题。就西方而言,审美诗学属于"现代性"范畴,是所谓"审美现代性"的重要表现形式;"文化诗学"则与"后现代性"相关联,是一种饱含反思性与颠覆性的文学理论研究路向。就中国的情况而言,则"审美诗学"与"文化诗学"又具有自己独特的文化渊源与理论特性。近三十多年来,我们的审美诗学与文化诗学和西方学界相比呈现出一种错位,对于这种"错位"现象不能仅仅从学术影响的"时间差"角度来解释,根本上乃是社会现实的需要使然。今日中国的文化诗学正在成为一种更为有效的文学阐释路径。There are two research approaches in literature study,one being what may be termed Aesthetic Poetics and the other Cultural Poetics.Aesthetic Poetics is concerned with individuality aesthetics,aiming at interpreting such formal categories as the fundamental constitution,stylistic property,rhetorical techniques of literature,and the aesthetic values and psychological mechanism of literary creation and reception,to answer the questions of＂what＂and＂how＂.Cultural Poetics,however,is oriented toward the complicated associations between literary phenomena in the formation and various social and cultural factors,to answer the questions of＂why＂and＂what that is meant and symbolized＂.In the West,Aesthetic Poetics belongs to the area of Modernism;it is an important representing form of＂aesthetic modernity＂.Cultural Poetics is associated with PostModernity;it is a literature research methodology amply conceived of reflections and subversiveness.In China,both have their respective uniqueness in cultural origin and theoretical trait.In the past 30 years or so,China＇s Aesthetic Poetics and Cultural Poetics appear to have a discrepancy from those of the West,which cannot only be interpreted from the perspective of＂temporality gap＂of academic influence;in fact,it is discrepancy that has resulted from the necessity of social reality.In such a case,the Cultural Poetics in China today is becoming a more effective way to literature interpretation.

关 键 词：文化诗学 审美诗学 现代性 审美现代性 后现代性 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]