拔尖大学生的学习特征与类型:与普通班的比较  

The Comparison of Learning between Top Creative College Students and Ordinary College Students

作　　者：于海琴[1] 代晓庆 邵丽婷[1] 牛慧娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学软件学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2016年第5期39-44,共6页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般课题"重点大学实验班学生学习与发展的特征及环境影响机制"(BIA130079)

摘　　要：本研究采用问卷调查法,以重点大学拔尖实验班学生为研究对象,比较实验班学生与普通班学生学习的差异。研究发现:相比普通班学生,实验班学生在学习环境、学习方式和学业成就表现上具有显著优势;本科拔尖创新教育措施大部分得到了落实,并获得了学生的认同。研究进而基于拔尖学生对学习环境的评价进行聚类分析:"老鹰型"学生体现了实验班的培养目标,但人数只占实验班的三分之一;"海豚型"学生和"考拉型"学生与普通班学生的学习状况基本持平,甚至还不如普通班学生。从教育资源的使用效率来看,本科拔尖创新人才培养存在低效现象,加强学业指导、关注长期发展是提高效率的基本策略。By questionnaire survey, this study explores the differences in learning environment, learning methods and academic achievement between top creative college students and ordinary college students. The results show that students in experimental classes have significant advantages in learning environment, learning methods and academic achievement than ordinary students. In general, most of the innovation measures in experimental classes are carried out and meanwhile get recognized by the students. Students in experimental classes are divided into three categories through cluster analysis： ＂eagle-like＂ students represent the experimental class＇s educational goal, but they only account for 34.7% in one class; the other two types of students, which are named as ＂dolphin＂ and ＂koala＂, display the same level of academic performance as ordinary students, or even worse. In terms of the efficiency of educational resources, there is low-efficiency phenomenon in the fostering of top creative college students. Strengthening the students＂ academic guidance and focusing on long-term development are the basic strategies in improving the efficiency.

关 键 词：拔尖大学生 实验班 学习环境 学习方式 学业成就 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]