马克思“精神生产”概念的现代认识论溯源——从培根、笛卡尔谈起  

Tracing to the Source of Modern Epistemology of the Marxist Concept of "Spiritual Production" ——Speaking From Bacon and Descartes

作　　者：赵洁[1] ZHAO Jie(School of Maxism, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第5期81-87,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：2014年天津市哲学社会科学基金项目(项目批准号:TJKS13-004);2014年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(项目批准号:NKZXB1445)

摘　　要：马克思首先从哲学的高度将"生产"规定为人类全部活动的存在方式,对比于物质生产,马克思提出了"精神生产"的概念。"精神生产"作为人类一种特殊的认识活动,它揭示出作为类存在的人具有双重属性,即人同时承担生产和认识的主体角色。马克思"精神生产"的认识论意涵可追溯至现代西方哲学的标志——培根、笛卡尔的认识论中。培根以作为人造物的"归纳法"澄清了人在精神生产中使用的认识工具,从而使人在认识自然之时即成为双重意义上的生产者。笛卡尔对"观念"的分析则表明人在认识自然世界的过程中,生产出了某种"表象"观念。正是在培根和笛卡尔认识论的基础上,马克思着重于渲染人类精神生产认识活动的最终目的是实现人的自由的有意识的活动。＂ Production＂ is defined by Marx at the philosophical level as the way of existence for all human activities. In contrast to material production,Marx put forward the concept of ＂ spiritual production＂,which as a special kind of human cognitive activity reveals the dual attributes of the human beings as a class,namely,playing simultaneously the main roles of production and cognition. The implication of the epistemology of the Marxist concept of ＂ spiritual production＂ can be traced to the symbol of modern philosophy——Bacon and Descartes＇ epistemology. Bacon clarifies the cognitive tool people use in spiritual production by means of ＂ induction＂ as an artifact to enable people to become a producer in a dual sense when they try to understand nature. Descartes＇ analysis of ＂ idea＂ indicates that in the process of understanding the natural world,people produce a kind of ＂ representation＂ concept. It is on the basis of Bacon and Descartes＇ epistemology that Marx emphasizes the conscious activity for realizing people＇s liberty as the ultimate goal of people＇s spiritual production activities.

关 键 词：马克思 精神生产 培根 笛卡尔 认识论 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]