金银花尺蠖幼虫、蛹和成虫的营养成分分析  

Analysis of nutritional components of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae,pupae and adults

作　　者：向玉勇[1] 朱园美[1] 丁雅娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]滁州学院生物与食品工程学院,滁州239000

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2016年第5期1103-1111,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：安徽省高校优秀中青年骨干人才国内外访学研修重点项目(gxfx ZD2016249);安徽省高等学校优秀青年人才基金项目(2009SQRZ147);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201210377006)

摘　　要：【目的】了解金银花尺蠖Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu幼虫、蛹和成虫的主要营养成分,评价其营养价值,为金银花尺蠖的食用开发提供理论依据。【方法】采用国家标准检测方法,测定金银花尺蠖幼虫、蛹和成虫的水分、蛋白质、脂肪、总糖、氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的含量,分析金银花尺蠖幼虫、蛹和成虫的氨基酸分、必需氨基酸指数、必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值、不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值,并与常见食物进行比较分析。【结果】结果表明,金银花尺蠖幼虫、蛹和成虫的水分含量分别为72.93%、64.92%和56.16%;蛋白质含量分别为50.64%、60.12%和48.38%;脂肪含量分别为21.98%、23.84%和20.60%;总糖含量分别为3.32%、5.35%和2.79%;总氨基酸含量分别为394.31、413.54和356.09 mg/g;必需氨基酸总含量分别为158.80、166.83、132.67 mg/g;必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例分别为40.27%、40.34%和37.26%;必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为67.43%、67.62%和59.38%;必需氨基酸指数分别为1.02、1.07和0.87;不饱和脂肪酸的含量分别为68.45%、69.09%和66.29%,其P/S值分别为2.17、2.24和1.95;必需脂肪酸含量分别为34.35%、34.77%和32.71%;微量元素Zen的含量分别为11.29、98.42、66.98 mg/100 g,Fe的含量分别为32.31、19.84、13.04 mg/100 g,幼虫中Cu的含量为18.54 mg/100 g,蛹和成虫中均不含Cu;维生素以B6的含量最高,分别为7.93、25.82、26.21 mg/100 g。【结论】金银花尺蠖具有较高的营养价值和食用价值,具有极大的开发潜力。[Objectives] To determine the nutritional content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae, pupae and adults, in order to investigate the potential for the development of this species as a food resource. [Methods] The water, protein, fat, total sugar, amino acid, fatty acid, trace element and vitamin content of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu larvae, pupae and adults were determined in a laboratory using national standard test methods. The amino acid score, essential amino acid index, ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids, and ratio of essential to nonessential fatty acids in H. jinyinhuaphaga larvae, pupae and adults were also analyzed and compared with other foods. [Results] The following results are for larvae, pupae and adults in that order. Water content was 72.93%, 64.92% and 56.16% and protein content was 50.64%, 60.12% and 48.38%. Fat content was 21.98%, 23.84% and 20.60% and total sugar content was 3.32%, 5.35% and 2.79%. Total amino acid content was 394.31, 413.54 and 356.09 mg/g, and total essential amino acid content was 158.80, 166.83 and 132.67 mg/g. The proportion of essential to total amino acids was 40.27%, 40.34% and 37.26% and the ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids was 67.43%, 67.62% and 59.38%. Essential amino acid indices were 1.02, 1.07 and 0.87. Unsaturated fatty acid content was 68.45%, 69.09% and 66.29% and P/S values were 2.17, 2.24 and 1.95. The essential fatty content was 34.35%, 34.77% and 32.71%. Zn content was 11.29, 98.42 and 66.98 mg/100 g, and Fe content was 32.31, 19.84 and 13.04 mg/ 100 g. Cu content of larvae was 18.54 mg/100 g（pupae and adults contained no Cu）. B6 had the highest concentration among the vitamins tested, which was 7.93, 25.82 and 26.21 mg/100 g. [Conclusion] The results suggest that H. jinyinhuaphaga has high nutritional value and has tremendous potential for development as a food resource.

关 键 词：金银花尺蠖 营养成分 食用昆虫 

分 类 号：S435.677[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]