义务教育延长至高中阶段的合理性——教育扩展对劳动力收入差距影响的视角  

The Impact of Educational Expansion on Labor's Income Gap: Analysis of the Rationality of Extending Compulsory Education to Senior Secondary Education

作　　者：陆明峰[1] 方超[1] 金俊[2] LU Mingfeng FANG Chao JIN Jun(School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing,210023, China)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学公共管理学院 [2]南京财经大学财政与税务学院

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2016年第11期99-109,共11页Global Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"教育促进农村社会综合进步的状况及对策研究"(项目编号:08ASH014)阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文利用我国1996-2013年的省级动态面板数据,采用差分GMM与系统GMM的方法建模,研究了教育扩展对劳动力收入差距的长期影响,并以此为依据,从促进收入公平分配的角度,论证了将义务教育延长至高中教育的合理性。结果表明:教育扩展对劳动力收入差距具有显著的改善作用,尤其是在当前教育分配存在较大非公平的发展阶段下,进一步扩展教育将会取得很好的收入分配效果。当前大量的劳动力人口"堰塞"在初中教育层次,这不利于发挥教育调节收入分配的作用。因此,政府应加快普及高中教育,对农村贫困学生实行免费高中教育,逐步将义务教育年限延长至12年。This paper adopts the method of difference GMM and system GMM to study the long-time impact of educational expansion on labor＇s income gap using the provincial dynamic panel data from 1999 to 2013 in China, by which the rationality of extending compulsory education to senior secondary education is demonstrated from the respective of the income distribution effect. It is indicated that educational expansion could reduce the income gap of labor force significantly. Especially at the current stage of educational development, where a large part of labor forces only educated under the junior level and a huge gap of educational distribution existing among labor forces, the policy of expanding education further will lead to a very good income distribution effects. Therefore, we suggest that central government shoutd speed up the popularization of senior secondary education, provide free secondary education for students from poor families, and extend compulsory education to senior secondary education gradually.

关 键 词：教育扩展 收入差距 义务教育 高中教育 

分 类 号：G522.3[文化科学—教育学]