风险评估实验室建设与果品质量安全  

Construction of the laboratory of risk assessment and quality and safety for fruit

作　　者：谢汉忠[1] 方金豹[1] 李君[1] 庞荣丽[1] 黄玉南[1] 乔成奎[1] 成昕[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所.农业部果品质量安全风险评估实验室(郑州),郑州450009 [2]农业部农产品质量安全中心,北京100081

出　　处：《果树学报》2016年第11期1447-1452,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI-10);国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(GJFP201600301;GJFP201601403;GJFP201601502);河南省科技攻关项目(142102110076)

摘　　要：2006年颁布实施的《中华人民共和国农产品质量安全法》,确立了我国农产品质量安全风险评估的法律地位,有效推动了我国农产品质量安全风险评估实验室体系建设。截至2015年底,成立了67个专业性和33个区域性共100家农产品质量安全风险评估实验室,其中果品质量安全风险评估实验室4家。本文阐述了果品质量安全风险评估实验室的工作职能在保障果品质量安全方面的具体表现,即服务政府决策与监管:调查果品生产过程及收、贮、运环节存在的危害因子和风险来源,评估危害因子和潜在风险,帮助政府更好地进行科学预警、决策与监管;服务果品产业发展:在探索未知、评价已知的过程中,完善未知危害因子的相关基础数据和背景资料,制定危害因子的检测技术方法和相关技术标准;开展风险交流、科学引导消费:架起科研人员、监管人员、媒体、公众之间的沟通桥梁,用通俗易懂、大众话语来解释农产品质量安全方面的专业问题,让他们就风险所涉及的因素和风险认知的差异交换意见,以弥补认知的差异而产生的误解,从而科学地了解和认知风险信息。提出了果品质量安全风险评估实验室的研究方向,应系统开展果品中污染物迁移、转化和代谢规律及危害因子毒性机理及毒性评价等基础性研究,制定全程管控果品质量安全相关技术标准,保障果品质量安全。The law of the people＇ s republic of China on quality and safety of agricultural products was officially issued and implemented in 2006, which had fundamentally determined the legal status of quality and safety risk assessment of agricultural products in our country. The law has effectively promoted the systematic construction of agricultural products quality and safety risk assessment laboratories in our country as well. By the end of 2015, one hundred assessment laboratories has already been established in domestic, which are constituted by sixty-seven specialized laboratories and thirty-three regional laborato- ries. In the meantime, there are four laboratories of quality and safety risk assessment for fruits among the one hundred laboratories. At the same time, the article elaborated the specific performance of responsibilities of the laboratories of quality and safety risk assessment for fruits at insuring the quality and safety for fruit industry. On the other hand, it had stated the responsibilities of laboratories of agricultural products quality and safety risk assessment in fruit quality and safety as well. Those include offering the help for government to set right policies, regulation and supervision measures. It is also helpful for government to investigate the harmful factors and the risk sources during the process of harvesting, storing and transporting for fruit production. It has to determine the damage of risk factors and its potential risk of harm so as to make scientific warning system and take right measures and decisions and implement reasonable supervi- sion for government. On the other side, in order to offer services for industry development of fruit, it also should complete the related basic data and background information in the process of exploring the un- known and evaluating the known. The relative information of the unknown also must complete all the same in the process. After this program, it has got to formulate the detection technologies, testing methods and relevant technical

关 键 词：果品 质量安全 风险评估实验室 工作职能 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]