汽车雨刮器的瞬态气动特性  

Transient aerodynamic characteristics of windscreen wipers of vehicles

作　　者：陈阵[1] 谷正气[1,2] 张勇[1,2] 宗轶琦[1] 黄泰明[1] CHEN Zhen GU Zhengqi ZHANG Yong ZONG Yiqi HUANG Taiming(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China College of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期3597-3604,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50975083);交通运输部新世纪十百千人才培养项目(20120222);中国高水平汽车自主创新能力建设项目(2007);财政部创新团队项目(0420036017)~~

摘　　要：通过编译用户自定义函数(UDF),利用动网格技术,通过数值计算得到雨刮器的瞬态气动特性,并进行风洞试验验证。通过分析前风窗及雨刮器表面的压力及流场分布,探讨作用在主、副雨刮器上气动升力及气动阻力的变化规律及其对雨刮器稳定性的影响,并引入6个离散位置的稳态计算以进行对比分析。研究结果表明:雨刮器在刮刷过程中受到的气动升力及气动阻力存在最大值,且遵循一定的变化规律,下行时受到的气动升力及气动阻力比上行的大,上行时受到的气动升力及气动阻力大于稳态值,作用在主雨刮器的气动升力及气动阻力比副雨刮器的大;采用的数值模拟方法充分捕捉到雨刮器刮刷过程中的动态效应,所得部分结果与风洞试验结果相吻合,可用于雨刮器的设计与气动特性评价。Combined with the dynamic meshing and user-defined functions（UDF）, transient aerodynamic characteristics of wipers were obtained through numerical simulations and were validated by wind tunnel test. Through the analysis of the distribution of the pressure and streamlines around the front windshield and wipers, the change process of the wipers＇ aerodynamic characteristics and influence of the aerodynamic force on wipers＇ stability were discussed. The simulations at six steady discrete locations were also introduced as a contrast. The results show that the maximum values of lift and drag force exist when wipers work, and there is a certain change rule. The lift and drag force is greater than that of ascending, and the force is greater than steady value when wipers descend. The lift and drag force of driver side wiper is greater than that of passenger side wiper. The numerical simulation fully captures the dynamic effects of the wiper, and the results are consistent with those of the wind tunnel experiment, which can be used in the evaluation of the aerodynamic characteristics and design of the vehicle wipers.

关 键 词：雨刮器 气动特性 动网格 风洞试验 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]