云南省景洪市茶园土壤肥力诊断与评价  

Soil Fertility Diagnosis and Evaluation of Tea Garden in Jinghong of Yunnan Province

作　　者：许燕[1,2] 孙云南[1,2] 玉香甩[1,2] 陈洪云[1,2] 罗梓文[1,2] 肖星[1,2] 孙承冕[1,2] 汪云刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南勐海666201 [2]云南省茶树种质资源创新与配套栽培技术工程研究中心,云南勐海666201

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第11期1659-1663,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家茶叶产业技术体系西双版纳综合试验站资助项目(CARS-23)

摘　　要：为了掌握景洪市茶园土壤养分状况,为合理施肥打好基础,采集景洪市茶园土壤表层（0~40 cm）样品,研究土壤p H、有机质、氮、磷、钾等肥力特性,并采用内梅罗指数法综合评价茶园土壤的肥力特征。结果表明,景洪市茶园土壤p H以酸性为主,96.67%的土壤p H值低于4.5。土壤养分失衡：有机质、土壤全氮含量整体水平较高,86.68%的茶园有机质达到Ⅰ级茶园肥力指标,所有茶园土壤的氮素水平达到Ⅰ级;大多数茶园土壤有效磷、有效钾含量较为缺乏,有效磷高于Ⅱ级的仅53.43%,有效钾达到Ⅱ级的不到10%,有效钙、镁、硫、铜、锌含量偏低。内梅罗综合肥力指数评价结果显示,景洪市主要茶园土壤肥力水平较低,土壤综合肥力指数为0.82,变幅为0.75~1.18,表现为土壤肥力处于贫瘠水平,在未来生产中需要增施多种肥料,加强土壤培肥,有针对性地进行土壤改良,促进肥力平衡。To master the tea garden soil nutrient status in Jinghong city, to provide a basis for rational fertilization, surface（ 0- 40 cm） soil samples of the tea garden were collected in Jing hong city, pH, organic matter, N, P, K content were analyzed, furthermore, the integrated soil fertility was evaluated by Nemerow index. The results indicated that the soil pH was dominated by acidic, and the soil pH value under 4.5 account for 96.67%. The tea garden soil nutrient was unbalanced. Soil organic matter and total N were relatively rich. 86.68% of tea gardens of organic matter reached the fertility standard of grade- Ⅰ tea garden. All of the tea gardens soil total nitrogen level reached the fertility standard of grade- Ⅰ tea garden. And most tea garden soils were lack in available P and available K, only 54.43% of tea gardens of available P reached the fertility standard of grade- Ⅱ tea garden. Less than 10% of tea gardens reached standards of the available K fertility standard of grade- Ⅱ tea garden. Available Ca, Mg, S, Cu and available Zn contents were low. Results by the Nemerow index showed that the integrated soil fertility in tea garden was very low, the soil fertility integrated index was 0.82 and ranged from 0.75 to 1.18, which meaned very low fertility level, and needed increase variety of fertilizer in the future production, strengthen the soil fertilizer, improve targeted soil, promote fertility balance.

关 键 词：茶园 土壤肥力 内梅罗指数 景洪市 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]