我国老年教育供给与中高龄人群学习需求匹配状况调查——基于部分省市抽样数据  

An Empirical Study of How Far the Learning Needs of Chinese Older Adults Being Matched——Based on a Survey in Selected Municipalities and Cities

作　　者：许竞[1] 李雅慧[2] Xu Jing Lee Yahui

机构地区：[1]教育部职业技术教育中心研究所终身学习研究中心 [2]台湾中正大学成人及继续教育学系

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2016年第6期39-46,92,共9页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：2014-2015年度国家公益基金课题"老年人学习与教育模式建构研究"(ZG201410)

摘　　要：人口老龄化日益成为全球普遍现象,联合国世界卫生组织在2002年提出了积极老龄化政策框架.自1999年我国进入老龄化社会以来,政府重视发展老年教育,且将其作为“十三五”期间建设学习型社会的重要任务之一.以老年大学为标志的有组织的机构式老年教育在我国诞生于上世纪80年代初,如今1946-1964年出生的战后婴儿潮世代逐渐成为老年大学的潜在服务对象.在新中国成长起来的这些新时代中高龄人口,由于其在受教育机会、身体健康水平以及社会参与等方面有了明显改善,其学习需求也被认为是有别于以往时代的同龄人.为提升现有老年教育资源的利用效率,使更多高龄人群从中受益,课题组对我国东、中、西部七省市45岁以上人群开展了学习需求抽样问卷调查,并在这些省市抽样14所老年大学或类似教育机构,对其2013-2015年间课程表或招生简章进行统计分析.通过将两项调查结果对照后发现,受试机构的课程供给不仅在结构上不符合受试人群的实际需求,而且在课程类别和内容上与受试人群实际需求存在明显差异,需要对老年教育课程规划进行完善.As the aging of population has become a global phenomenon, the World Health Organization setforth a policy framework of Active Aging in 2002. The aging of the Chinese population has increasingly given analarm since 1999. The national government has been paying close attention to developing educational programs forolder adults, which is officially stated as part of its major aims of creating a learning society during the next fiveyears. As a symbolic attempt for delivering an organized education for older adults, Chinese local Universities of the3rd Age were set up in the early 1980s. Baby boomers after World War Two, namely people born between 1946 and1964, have become the potential learners of such educational institutions. These older adults, with a better healthyand educational attainment and a wider degree of social participation, are supposed to have different learning needsfrom their counterparts born before 1946. In order to increase the efficiency and broaden the beneficiaries, aquestionnaire survey looking into their leaning needs was conducted among older adults aged 45 and above in sevencities across the eastern, central and western parts of China in December 2015. And courses schedules werecollected for identifying particular programs and contents of learning provided by a sample of 14 local Universitiesof the 3rd Age in the same cities. The research shows a substantial mismatch, not only in its structure but also in itscoverage of topics or themes, between the realistic learning needs of respondents and the actual educationalprovision by the sampled institutions. It is suggested that the current planning and delivering of such educationalprovision be improved.

关 键 词：老年教育 中高龄人群 学习需求 教育供给 老年大学 

分 类 号：G777[文化科学—教育学]