科举制度的重建对清王朝稳定的意义  

Historical Probe on the Administration Setup from the Implementation of Chinese Imperial Examination System during the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王日根[1] 章广[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学人文学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第6期39-46,164,共8页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会研究基地厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心重大资助项目:13JJD880010

摘　　要：科举制度这个中国古代重要的选官制度,自隋朝建立后,一直延续发展,并不因王朝的变更而中断,亦已被士民普遍认可与接受。清王朝政权的确立几乎与日益全面地推行科举制度密切相关,满洲在入关之前即认知了科举,随后积极且越加快速地实施科举制度,其间经历了从皇太极时的不完善,顺治时汉人的逐步呼应,到康熙时全面接受、完善科举制度,建立除常科外,加以制科、荐举等辅助手段在内的文化交融政策体系。科举制度的实行对收拢民心,培养社会各阶层对政权的认同,选拔治国人才,确立与巩固王朝统治均产生了重要影响。The civil-service examination system is an important officer selection system in ancient China, and it was set up after the establishment of the Sui dynasty. This system develops continuously without interruption of dynastic changes, and it is widely accepted by officers and common people. The establishment of the Qing dynasty is closely related to the comprehensive implementation of the imperial examination system. Manchu has already recognized the importance of the imperial examination system before the entry and speeds up its implementation afterward, during which it experiences imperfection from the Huang Taiji period(1620s-1630s) to the gradual consensus in the Shun Zhi period(1640s-1650s), and then it is comprehensively accepted and improved in the Kangxi period(1660s-1720s). What is more, cultural blending policy system including 'chang ke', 'zhi ke' and'recommendation' are established. The implementation of this system has a significant influence on winning the support of common people, the cultivation of social stratums' recognition for political power, the selection of governing talents, and the founding and consolidation of the regime.

关 键 词：科举制度 人才选拔 政权确立 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]