裂殖壶菌菌株FJU-512油脂提取的细胞破壁工艺  

Lipid Extraction of Schizochytrium sp.FJU-512 by Different Wall-breaking Processes

作　　者：何文胜[1,2] 王灿[2] 杨诗颖[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建生物工程职业技术学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建师范大学生命科学学院,工业微生物发酵技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,福建福州350117

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期606-610,共5页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金重大项目(2011H6007);福建省自然科学基金(2009J05057);福建省科技重大专项(2010NZ0001-4);福建省发改委产业化专项(闽财指[2010]358号);福建省科技创新平台项目(2014Y2008)

摘　　要：裂殖壶菌(Schizochytrium)是目前用于商业化生产二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的高产菌种之一,由于DHA属于胞内油脂,因此对其进行充分破壁是工业化提取DHA的关键工序.研究了酸热法、碱热法、超声波法以及酶法对裂殖壶菌细胞破壁的影响,考察了不同破壁方法提取得到的总油脂及DHA产量,结果表明酶法是最优破壁方法.继而探讨不同单一酶破壁的总油脂产量,并将破壁效果最好的碱性蛋白酶和其他酶进行比较,确定最佳用酶为碱性蛋白酶.为进一步完善酶法破碎裂殖壶菌细胞的效果以提高总油脂产量,对碱性蛋白酶酶解的温度、pH、时间以及酶用量等条件进行优化.正交试验结果表明,碱性蛋白酶最佳酶解条件为酶用量2.0%,温度55℃,pH 10.0,酶解时间2.0h.在此优化条件下,裂殖壶菌菌株FJU-512的每克菌体细胞总油脂产量达到0.458 6g.As one of the high-yield strains for DHA,Schizochytrium is currently used in commercial production of DHA.Therefore, cell disruption is an important process in the industrialized extraction for DHA.In this study,the effects of different cell disruption methods,such as acid-heating extraction,base-heating extraction,ultrasonic extraction and enzymatic extraction,on the extraction of single cell lipid of Schizochytrium sp.FJU-512 were demonstrated.Results indicated that enzymatic extraction was more effective than other three methods.Furthermore,the influence of different kinds of enzymes on lipid extraction was examined.It was found that the alkaline protease was the most effective enzyme according to the result of cell crushing.To further improve the yield of total lipid extraction,orthogonal test was applied to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions.The optimal condition was as follows：enzyme dosage of 2.0% cell mass,incubation at 55 ℃,pH 10.0 for 2.0 h,under which the highest total lipid yield could be achieved,up to 0.458 6 g per gram cells.

关 键 词：裂殖壶菌 提取 油脂 酶法破壁 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]