高超声速进气道起动问题的理论判据新认识  

A New Understanding of Hypersonic Inlets' Startability Criterion

作　　者：潘成剑 施崇广 李怡庆 尤延铖[1] 陈荣钱[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学航空航天学院,福建厦门361005 [2]北京空天技术研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《推进技术》2016年第11期2039-2047,共9页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51276151;91441128);国防基础科研(B1420133058);中央高校基本科研业务费(20720140540)

摘　　要：为了判断进气道起动马赫数,基于Kantrowitz起动判据,联系激波关系式和流量连续方程得到一系列等值线,将等值线推广到有入射激波和低马赫数溢流的情况。结果表明这些等值线具有以下特性:等值线连接进气道的内收缩比和总收缩比;等值线是等总压恢复线和等流量线;等值线可由Isentropic曲线方程乘于进气道内收缩段自起动时总压恢复的倒数得到;存在入射激波的起动等值线在设计状态等值线的右侧;有低马赫数溢流的起动等值线在设计状态等值线的左侧;等值线提供了一种联系Kantrowitz和Isentropic曲线的方法。根据以上特性,将等值线应用于高超声速进气道起动问题,并通过实例应用文中的理论判据评估无粘条件下混压式多楔二元进气道来流起动马赫数理论值,与CFD结果吻合较好,误差小于2%,初步探索了理论快速估算进气道起动马赫数的可行性。A series of isolines combining total compression ratio with starting Mach number were acquired by the shock conditions and the continuity equation,based on studies of two-dimensional hypersonic inlet starting mechanism and Kantrowize criterion. These isolines have the following characteristics： The isolines provide a connection between internal compression ratio and total compression ratio. Each isoline has equivalent value of total pressure recovery and mass flow. The isolines can be easily gained by using isentropic criteria equation times the reciprocal of critical starting total pressure recovery of internal duct. The isolines move rightwards because of the incident shock wave and walk leftwards owing to the mass spillage. The isolines provide a mechanism for associating Kantrowitz with isentropic criterion. Conclusively,using these isolines rapidly estimates the inviscid starting Mach number of a two-dimensional mixed-compression multi-wedge hypersonic inlet. The prediction results are in good agreement with the CFD results. The errors are less than 2%,demonstrating the feasibility of this method.

关 键 词：进气道起动 内收缩比 总收缩比 Kantrowitz ISENTROPIC 等值线 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]