恩施产堇叶碎米荠中氨基酸及活性成分比较  

Comparison of Amino Acids and Active Chemical Constitutes of Cardamine Violifolia from Enshi

作　　者：石爱华[1,2,3] 胡百顺[1,2] 杨丽琛[3] 朴建华[3] 黄光昱[1,2] 李卫东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省恩施州农业科学院,恩施445000 [2]恩施州硒应用技术与产品开发研究院,恩施445000 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《海峡药学》2016年第11期35-37,共3页Strait Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：湖北省恩施州科技重大项目(2013BEC048)

摘　　要：目的 评估堇叶碎米荠食用和药用价值。方法 分别采用酸水解氨基酸自动分析法、原子荧光光度法、紫外分光光度法和苯酚-硫酸法,分析不同生境条件下,堇叶碎米荠氨基酸、硒、总黄酮和粗多糖含量。结果 堇叶碎米荠作为一种新食品原料,其抽苔期栽培植株和野生植株全氨基酸含量分别为18.55g/100g和20.53g/100g,而在期栽培植株中含量较低（8.44g/100g）;除脯氨酸外,抽苔期的栽培与野生植株样品中其它16种氨基酸含量基本相同,但前者必需氨基酸所占比例（43.29%）高于后者（38.48%）。值得注意的是野生植株样品中含有丰富的脯氨酸,其含量高达2.88%,是大棚栽培样品的3~5倍。大棚补硒栽培的2个样品硒含量分别为199μg/100g和194μg/100g,而生长于高硒地带上的野生植株样品（ES-wild）硒含量为177μg/100g。结荚期栽培植株的总黄酮含量（529mg/100g）高于野生植株（478mg/100g））和抽苔期栽培植株（474mg/100g）,其粗多糖含量（1.05g/100g）也略高于野生植株（0.97g/100g）和抽苔期栽培植株（0.87g/100g）。结论 堇叶碎米荠作为功能性食品原料开发利用,需考虑不同生境条件对其化学成分的影响。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the edible and medicinal value of Cardamine violifolia. METHODS The automatic analysis method of acid hydrolysis amino acid, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, UV speetrophotometrie method and phenol sulfuric acid method were used to analyze the contents of amino acid, selenium, total flavonoids and crude polysaccharide of C. violifolia under different environmental conditions. RESULTS As a new food raw materials ,total amino acids content of cultivated and wild plants of C. violifolia during the bolting stage were 18.55g/ 100g and 20. 53g/100g （ dry matter）, respectively, much higher than that of cultivated plants at podding stage （8. 44g/100g）. Ignore of proline,16 kinds of amino acid in cultivated and wild plant samples during bolting stage were basically similar, but the EAA/TAA in the former was 43.29%, higher than that of the latter （38. 48% ）. Meanwhile,the content of proline in the wild plant samples was riched and up to 2. 88% ,3 -5 times of greenhouse cultivated sample. Selenium in two samples （EN-DP1 and EN-DP2） of greenhouse cultivated with selenium supplementation were 199 g/100g and 194 g/100g, respectively, while the wild plant samples grown in the high selenium areas （ES-wild） was 177 g/100g of selenium. Total flavonoids content in cultivated plants at podding stage was 529mg/100g,which was higher than that of wild plants （478mg/100g）） and cultivated plants at bolting stage （474mg/100g） ,while the content of crude polysaccharide was 1.05g/100g, slightly higher than that of wild plants （0. 97g/100g） and cultivated plants at bolting stage （0.87g/100g）. CONCLUSION It was necessary to investigate the chemical constitutes of C. violifolia under different environmental conditions when C. violifolia was be used as a functional food materials for exploitation and utilization.

关 键 词：堇叶碎米荠 氨基酸 硒 总黄酮 粗多糖 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] Q949.99