培养条件下双酚A对稻田土壤微生物群落特征的影响  

Effects of Bisphenol A on Characteristics of Paddy Soil Microbial Community Under Different Cultural Conditions

作　　者：刘畅[1,2,4] 黄雅丹[3] 张莹[1,2,4] 靳振江[1,4] 梁月明[2] 宋昂[2] 王腾[1,4] 郭佳怡[1,4] 李强[2] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,桂林541004 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,国土资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,桂林541004 [3]桂林医学院研究生院,桂林541004 [4]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第11期4380-4388,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361054,41003038);广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFGA139010,2014GXNSFCA118012);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科合-14123001-13);中国地质科学院项目(YYWF201505);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20140122-1)

摘　　要：双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)作为人工合成的典型环境激素分布极为广泛,然而不同浓度和土壤通气条件下BPA对土壤微生物群落(细菌、真菌)特征的影响鲜见报道.本文采用荧光定量PCR(fluorescence quantitative PCR)技术、聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE)相结合的方法研究不同BPA浓度(0、0.25、0.50、1.00、2.00 mg·kg-1)和土壤通气条件(有氧和厌氧)对稻田土壤微生物群落特征的影响。结果表明,土壤通气条件一致情况下(有氧条件或者厌氧条件下),不同BPA浓度添加下微生物丰度指数差异显著,而微生物均匀度指数、香农维纳多样性指数及丰富度指数差异不显著;BPA浓度为0.50 mg·kg-1时,微生物基因丰度在厌氧条件下达到最大值,而在有氧条件下微生物基因丰度却达到最小值;双因素方差分析表明:BPA浓度、土壤通气条件及其交互作用对细菌基因丰度影响差异显著,而只有土壤通气条件对真菌基因丰度影响差异显著.结果表明相对于微生物多样性指数,丰度指数能更加灵敏地指示土壤微生物多样性的变化,BPA浓度为0.50 mg·kg-1时是影响土壤微生物基因丰度变化的一个临界值,相对于真菌基因丰度指数而言,细菌基因丰度指数对BPA添加浓度及土壤通气条件响应更加灵敏.Bisphenol A（ BPA） is widely known as a typical synthetic environmental hormone. Effects of BPA concentrations and aerations on soil microbial communities were rarely reported. This paper presented the studies on effects of various concentrations of BPA（ 0,0. 25 mg·kg- 1,0. 50 mg·kg- 1,1. 00 mg·kg- 1,2. 00 mg·kg- 1） and soil aertaiton（ aerobic and anaerobic） on characteristics of paddy soil microbial communites by technology of q PCR（ fluorescence quantitative PCR） and PCR-DGGE（ polymerase chain reaction- denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis）. The results lined out that： 1 the microbial abundance index was significantly different among different BPA concentrations under the same condition of soil aeration（ anaerobic or aerobic）. However,the index of microbial evenness, Shannon-Wiener-diversity and evenness-indices were insignificantly different under these conditions. At a concentration of 0. 50 mg·kg- 1,the microbial abundance index reached a maximum value under anaerobic conditions; while under aerobic conditions the opposite result was found,the microbial abundance index dropped to a minimum value. 2The two-way analysis of variance（ ANOVA） showed that： the concentration of BPA,soil aeration and their interaction significantly affected the abundance of bacteria,whereas the abundance of fungi was only affected by soil aeration. The study results showed that： the abundance index was a sensitive indicator for the variation of soil microbial diversity; it was a critical value for the change of soil microbial abundance when the BPA concentration was 0. 50 mg·kg- 1; as for the abundance of fungi,the response of bacteria abundance was more sensitive to BPA and soil aeration conditions.

关 键 词：双酚A 土壤微生物 微生物群落 多样性指数 基因丰度 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]