外源乙烯诱导烟叶田间成熟的生理变化研究  

Physical variations of tobacco maturing in field induced by exogenous ethylene

作　　者：蒋博文[1] 苏家恩[2] 王德勋[2] 徐发华[2] 王新中[2] 徐成龙[2] 宋朝鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]云南省烟草公司大理州分公司,云南大理671000

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2016年第10期1671-1676,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目(2015YN20)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨外源乙烯对烟叶成熟过程中生理变化的影响,为促进烟叶田间成熟及提高采收成熟度提供理论依据。【方法】以喷清水为对照（CK）,于烟叶成熟期（欠熟）时分别喷施稀释2000、3000、4000、5000和6000倍的乙烯利溶液,测定喷施后0、12、24、36、48、60和72 h烟叶的乙烯释放量、呼吸强度、SPAD值、干物质量和淀粉含量。【结果】与CK相比,喷施不同浓度乙烯利后,烟叶乙烯释放量和呼吸强度增加,SPA/D值下降。喷施后72 h,不同浓度乙烯利处理烟叶的乙烯释放量分别是CK的1.46-2.42倍,呼吸强度分别比0 h增长65.00%-88.42%,SPAD值分别比0 h时下降23.47%-46.77%;其中稀释2000-3000倍处理使烟叶乙烯释放量和呼吸强度增长过快、过高,导致烟叶落黄不均匀,稀释4000-6000倍处理使烟叶乙烯释放量和呼吸强度有一定增加,烟叶落黄均匀。喷施乙烯利后烟叶干物质量整体呈下降趋势。稀释2000和3000倍处理烟叶淀粉含量比CK降低,稀释4000-6000倍处理淀粉含量则有所增加。【结论】中、上部烟叶成熟期喷施稀释4000-6000倍低浓度外源乙烯,可有效促进烟叶田间落黄和生理成熟;下部烟叶干物质含量少,不适合喷施外源乙烯。【Objective】Influence of exogenous ethylene on tobacco leaf physical variations during the process of maturity was studies in order to provide theoretical basis for promoting maturity of tobacco leaves in field and improving harvest maturity.【 Method 】Taking spray of clean water as control（CK）,ethephon solutions in dilution of 2000,3000,4000,5000,and 6000 times were sprayed onto tobacco leaves during mature stage（immature）.Ethylene production,respiration intensity,SPAD values,dry matter content and starch content of tobacco were measured after 0,12,24,36,48,60 and 72 h of spray.【Result】Compared with CK,after spraying ethephon of different concentrations,ethylene production and respiration intensity increased,but SPAD value declined.After 72 h of spraying,tobacco leaves sprayed by ethephon of different concentrations produced as 1.46-2.42 times ethylene as that of CK,respiration intensity was 65.00%-88.42%higher than that of 0 h spray,SPAD value was 23.47%-46.77%lower than that of 0 h spray.In 2000-3000 times dilution treatment,ethylene production and respiration intensity of tobacco grew too fast and led to uneven maturity of tobacco leaves.In4000-6000 times dilution treatment,ethylene production and respiration intensity of tobacco increased to certain extent and tobacco matured evenly.After spray of ethephon,dry matter weight in tobacco leaf decreased as a whole.Starch content of tobacco decreased compared with CK in 2000-3000 times dilution treatment whereas increased in 4000-6000 times dilution treatment.【Conclusion】Spray of 4000-6000 times dilution of exogenous ethylene during mature stage onto middle and upper leaves can promote maturity of tobacco in field.As dry matter content is low at lower leaves,spray of exogenous ediylene is not suitable.

关 键 词：乙烯利 烟叶 乙烯释放量 呼吸强度 SPAD值 干物质量 淀粉含量 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]