论阳明“四句教”中的本体与功夫之辨  

The Debate on Noumenon and Skill in Wang Yangming's Four-Sentence Doctrine

作　　者：张建华[1] ZHANG Jian-hua(Office of Teaching Affairs , Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China)

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院教务处,四川内江641100

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第6期79-84,共6页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

摘　　要：阳明晚年提出的四句教法,是经过不断思考总结后,在教法上最终确定的讲法。作为指点弟子的教法,四句教以心、意、知、物的功夫条目对阳明的思想进行了分析性的论述,首句"无善无恶是心之体",是阳明对本体的超越性和绝对性的一种表达。钱德洪和王畿对四句教有不同的理解,实际上是因为他们对功夫的起手处有不同的选择。在四句教中,阳明以后天的"意"为起点,下学上达,证悟本体,最终达到对本体的自觉。The four-sentence doctrine was proposed by Wang Yangming in his later years ,which was the final conclusion in teaching theory after he kept thinking and summarized it . As the teaching thought to guide the disciple, the four-sentence doctrine used four entries of skill that is the heart, intention, knowledge and thing to expound Yangming＇s thoughts analytically. The first sentence of the doctrine ＂ neither good nor evil is the origin of the heart＂ was an expression of noumenon in the way of transcendence and absoluteness . Qian Dehong and Wang Ji＇ s different understanding of the four-sentence doctrine lay in their different selection of skill at beginning . In the four-sentence doctrine Wang Yangming took the acquired ＂intention＂ as the starting point to study human things and then know the laws of nature. Having enlightenment for the noumenon, he achieved the conscious state of noumenon ultimately.

关 键 词：四句教 本体 功夫 境界 

分 类 号：B016[哲学宗教—哲学理论]