两个黄河鲤鱼群体遗传多样性的微卫星标记分析  

Microsatellite marker analysis of genetic diversity in the two populations of Yellow River carps

作　　者：马秀英[1] 王伟[1] 庞有志[1] 陈万光[2] 杨又兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]洛阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016年第12期22-26,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-河南省人民政府人才培养联合基金项目(U1304324)

摘　　要：为了给河南黄河鲤鱼的遗传资源提供较为准确的基础数据，对其种质资源进行保护和利用，研究利用微卫星标记技术，以河南黄河鲤鱼的人工养殖群体和野生群体为试验对象，对黄河鲤鱼进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：两个黄河鲤鱼群体在6个微卫星位点上均检测出16个等位基因。人工养殖和野生鲤鱼群体平均有效等位基因数（Ne）分别为2．350和2．085。对人工养殖群体、野生群体和将两个群体混合进行计算分析后，各群体的无偏观测杂合度（Ho）分别为0．614，0．576和0．601，无偏期望杂合度（He）分别为0．569，0．535和0．559；多态信息含量（PIC）的平均值分别为0．474，0．428和0．468，6个位点的PIC为0．304—0．864。对两个不同鲤鱼群体的6个微卫星位点的遗传分化分析结果显示，除了微卫星位点HLJ483上的遗传分化系数（Fst）大于0．05外，其余位点的Fst均小于0．05，符合种群间无遗传分化的标准（Fst=0—0．05），6个位点Fst的平均值为0．02，各个位点基因流（Nm）均大于1，其平均值为12．202。说明本研究采用的两个黄河鲤鱼群体的遗传多样性较为丰富，其遗传种质资源目前尚处于安全状态。To provide more accurate basic data for the genetic resources of Yellow River carps,and protect and utilize their germplasm resources,microsatellite marker technology was used to analyze the genetic diversity of Yellow River carps from Henan province taking the artificial breeding population and wild population of Yellow River carps as experimental objects. The results showed that 16 alleles were detected at six microsatellite loci in the two populations of Yellow River carps. The average effective number of alleles( Ne) in the artificial breeding population and wild population of Yellow River carps were 2. 350 and 2. 085,respectively. After calculation and analysis of the artificial breeding population and wild population with the mixed populations of both populations,the unbiased observed heterozygosities( Ho) in all populations were 0. 614,0. 576 and 0. 601,respectively; the unbiased expected heterozygosities( He) of all populations were 0. 569,0. 535 and 0. 559,respectively; the polymorphism information contents( PIC) of all populations were 0. 474,0. 428 and 0. 468,respectively,and the PIC of six loci were 0. 304 to 0. 864. The results of genetic differentiation analysis for six microsatellite loci in two different carp populations showed that the genetic differentiation coefficient( Fst) at six microsatellite loci were less than 0. 05 except that the Fst at microsatellite loci HLJ483 was greater than 0. 05,which was consistent with the standard of non- genetic differentiation among populations( Fst = 0 ~ 0. 05). The average Fst at six loci was 0. 02,and the gene flow values( Nm) at all loci were greater than 1 and the average of Nm was 12. 202. The results indicate that there is a relatively abundant genetic diversity in the two populations of Yellow River carps used in this study,and the genetic germplasm resources of the Yellow River carps are still in a safe state.

关 键 词：黄河鲤鱼 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 等位基因 遗传分化系数 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]