异化思想的辩证演绎:黑格尔、费尔巴哈与马克思  

Dialectical Development of Alienation:Hegel,Feuerbach and Marx

作　　者：刘海江[1] 萧诗美[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学马克思主义学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（人文科学版）》2016年第6期60-67,共8页Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(11CKS003)

摘　　要：学界长期以来存在从黑格尔或费尔巴哈哲学的角度解读马克思异化理论的成见,但三人的异化理论却存在原则上的区别。黑格尔以"实体即主体"的思想为基础,把异化和异化之扬弃的过程看作绝对精神的辩证发展过程,构建了庞大的唯心辩证法体系,并把异化与劳动结合起来解释了人的自我发展过程;费尔巴哈虽然实现了对德国古典哲学的唯物主义改造,却因唯物主义思想的不彻底与能动性原则的缺乏而割裂了异化理论和现实生活世界之间的联系,把异化理论变成了抽象批判理论;马克思的异化理论虽然是接着费尔巴哈的异化理论展开的,却以能动的实践为基础,综合了人与自然和人与人之间的关系,在唯物主义的基础上重新实现了异化理论和辩证法的统一,并为唯物史观的系统提出奠定了基础。There have been stereotypes of interpretation of Marx’s theory of alienation from the perspective of Hegel’s or Feuerbach’s philosophy for a long time in the academic world.But there are principle differences among their alienation theory.Hegel regarded alienation and thesublation of alienation as the dialectical development process of absolute spirit on the basis of＂entity namely subject＂,built a huge idealist dialectics system.He also explained the process of human’s selfdevelopment by combining alienation and labor.Though Feuerbach transforms German classical philosophy into materialism,he split the connection between his theory of alienation and the real world because his materialism was not complete and lack of dynamic principle,so his theory of alienation was only a kind of abstract criticism theory.Marx’s theory of alienation followed Feuerbach’s theory of alienation,but he integrated the relationship between man-to-nature and man-to-man bases on dynamic practice and united the theory of alienation and dialectics,thus laying the foundation for materialistic history.

关 键 词：黑格尔 费尔巴哈 马克思 异化 辩证法 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]