虾夷扇贝外套膜胶原蛋白的提取与表征  

Extraction and characterization of collagen from yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis mantle

作　　者：吴忠[1] 刘俊荣[1] 田元勇[1] 张龙[1] 刘金洋[1] WL Zhong LIL Jun-rong TIAN Yuan-yong ZHANG Long LIL Jin-yang(College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean Lniversity, Dalian 116023, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2016年第6期678-684,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31271980)

摘　　要：为探索虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis加工副产物的高附加值利用,从副产物外套膜中提取经济价值较高的胶原蛋白,并对其理化性质(分子量、溶解性、黏度、紫外吸收、氨基酸组成)和结构特性(圆二色谱、傅里叶红外光谱)进行研究。结果表明:外套膜干基中胶原蛋白含量为13.16%;外套膜胶原蛋白分子主要由α亚基和少量的β、γ亚基组成,外套膜胶原蛋白为典型的Ⅰ型胶原;酸溶性胶原蛋白(ASC)和酶溶性胶原蛋白(PSC)均富含甘氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸和羟脯氨酸;胶原蛋白的变性温度约为20℃,与其他物种有所差异;PSC的溶解度高于ASC,二者的等电点均在pH为4左右,且二者的盐溶性变化趋势相似;红外光谱表明,PSC和ASC二级结构间有细微差异,但胃蛋白酶没有影响胶原蛋白的三螺旋结构;圆二色谱显示,ASC的三级结构比PSC的更加稳定,温度升高会影响二者的三级结构。The mantle collagen were extracted and its physicochemical properties including molecular weight, solu-bility , viscosity, ultraviolet （ LV ） absorption, and amino acid composition and structural characteristics （C D , F T IR ） were studied in yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in order to explore the high value-added use of scallop by-products. The results showed that there was 13. 16% of collagen in dry mantle. Collagen molecules were primarily consisted of α subunit and a small amount of β,γ subunits, and the peptide molecular weight was reduced because the pepsin removed the telopeptide of subunits. Mantle collagen was characterized by a typical type I collagen, whose acid soluble collagen （ ASC ） and enzymatic soluble collagen （P S C ） were rich in glycine, glutamic acid, proline and hydroxyproline. T he collagen had denatured temperature of about 20℃and was different from colla-gens of other species in that PSC had a higher solubility than A S C did. They had isoelectric point of p H 4 and the similar salt solubility. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that there was subtle difference in secondary structure between PSC and ASC . H o w e v e r, pepsin did not affect the triple helical structure of the collagen. Circu-lar dichroism spectrum indicated that the ASC had more stable tertiary structure than P S C and that increase in tem-perature undermined the tertiary structure.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 外套膜 理化特性 胶原蛋白 

分 类 号：Q954.4[生物学—动物学]