秦岭地区春兰和蕙兰的花挥发性成分研究  

Studies on Volatile Components in the Flowers of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi from Qinling Mountains

作　　者：陈君梅[1] 宋军阳[1] 何洁[2] 顾秀容 张显[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学风景园林艺术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2016年第12期2461-2472,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(200704009);陕西省农业科技攻关项目(2009K01–11);西安市科技局攻关项目(NC09045-1);西安现代农业科技创新项目[NC1305(2)]

摘　　要：采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱—质谱联用技术(HS–SPME–GC–MS)对原产于秦岭不同地点的春兰和蕙兰的鲜花进行了挥发性成分测定。结果表明该地区春兰的花中挥发性成分有40多种,主要成分有3–乙基–2–甲基–1,3–己二烯、(E)–2–辛烯醛和2–壬烯醛等;不同产地的春兰花中主要的挥发性物质构成比较类似,花香类型比较单一,且多数为无香型。而该地区蕙兰的花中挥发性成分多达50种以上,主要成分有(E)–橙花叔醇,二十二碳六烯酸和[1à,2à(Z)]–茉莉酸甲酯等。蕙兰花中挥发性成分中大多为有芳香味的物质,从而使得蕙兰的花具有更浓郁的香味。此外,蕙兰花挥发性成分构成也比春兰复杂,因此比春兰具有更多的花香类型。Headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry（HS–SPME–GC–MS）was used to analyze the volatile components in the flowers of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi，which were collected from different locations in Qinling Mountains. The results showed there are more than 40 kinds of volatile components in the flowers of C. goeringii. The main components consist of 3-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-hexadiene，（E）-2-octenal，2-nonenal and so on. C. goeringii in different habitats have analogous compositions. The aromas in the flowers of C. goeringii only have a few categories，and most of the C. goeringii is without smelling fragrance in flowers. There are more than 50 kinds of volatile components in （E）-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-olthe flowers of C. faberi. The main components consist of，doconexent，and [1à,2à（Z）]-cyclopentaneacetic acid-3-oxo-2-（2-pentenyl）-methyl ester and so on. Most of the volatile components in the flowers of C. faberi smell fragrant，making C. faberi having richer aromas than C. goeringii in flowers. Thus the compositions of volatile components in C. faberi flowers are more complex and have more aromatic categories than C. goeringii.

关 键 词：春兰 蕙兰 挥发性成分 香气 秦岭 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]